Rig Veda 5.78.5 — Mandala 5, Sukta 78, Mantra 5
Sukta 5.78
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya); narrative allusion to Saptavadhri episode
Devata: Ashvins (primary); Vanaspati as auxiliary invoked power
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; compact 8-syllable quarters; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वि जिहीष्व वनस्पते योनिः सूष्यन्त्या इव । श्रुतं मे अश्विना हवं सप्तवध्रिं च मुञ्चतम् ॥
Transliteration
ví jihīṣva vanaspate yóniḥ sū́ṣyantyā iva | śrutáṃ me aśvinā hávaṃ saptávadhrim ca muñcatam ||
Translation
Open apart, O lord of the wood: let the womb release as one whose time has ripened. O Ashvins, hear my call and set free Saptavadhri as well.
Word by Word
विapart, asunder; forth (preverb)
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि- (उपसर्ग) / √वि (विभागे) (as preverb)
जिहीष्वsplit/open (yourself), burst forth
जिहीष्व:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√हā (जहाति) / Vedic desiderative-stem जिहीष-
वनस्पतेO lord of the forest (tree/wood)
वनस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootवनस्पति-
योनिःwomb; bed; place of origin
योनिः:
कर्तृ (of implied ‘is/acts as’ in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि-
सूष्यन्त्याःof (a woman) drying up / withering
सूष्यन्त्याः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootसूष्यन्ती- (present participle f. of √सूष्/√शुष् ‘to dry’)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
श्रुतम्heard; listened-to
श्रुतम्:
कर्म (of √श्रु, understood: ‘(it is) heard’)
TypeParticiple (used predicatively)
Root√श्रु (श्रवणे) → श्रुत-
मेto me / for me / my
मे:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (to/for me; of me)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
अश्विनाO Aśvins (Divine Twins)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootअश्विन्- (dual deity name)
हवम्call, invocation
हवम्:
कर्म (of implied ‘hear/heed’)
TypeNoun
Rootहव-
सप्तवध्रिम्Saptavadhri (the ‘seven-bound’ one)
सप्तवध्रिम्:
कर्म (of मुञ्चतम्)
TypeNoun (epithet/proper)
Rootसप्त-वध्रि- (bahuvrīhi/compound epithet; ‘having seven restraints/bonds’ → name/epithet)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मुञ्चतम्release, set free
मुञ्चतम्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (मोचने)
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