Rig Veda 5.43.13 — Mandala 5, Sukta 43, Mantra 13
Sukta 5.43
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (attribution for RV 5.43 generally)
Devata: Dharṇasi (as a supporting power; verse also evokes plant-powers and feminine energies)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ धर्णसिर्बृहद्दिवो रराणो विश्वेभिर्गन्त्वोमभिर्हुवानः । ग्ना वसान ओषधीरमृध्रस्त्रिधातुशृङ्गो वृषभो वयोधाः ॥
Transliteration
ā́ dharṇasír bṛháddivo rárāṇo víśvebhir gantv ómabhir huvānáḥ | gnā́ vásāna óṣadhī́r amṛ́dhras tridhā́tuśṛṅgo vṛṣabhó vayodhā́ḥ ||
Translation
Let Dharṇasi, rejoicing from the vast heaven, come when invoked with all the affirming cries. Wearing the goddesses, the herbs, unfailing—threefold-horned, a bull who upholds life-powers—may he arrive.
Word by Word
आhither, towards; (prefix) to/unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga) अथवा आ (avyaya)
धर्णसिःthe strong one; bearer/impeller (epithet)
धर्णसिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootधर्णसि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘धारण/धर्षण-शक्ति’)
बृहत्great, lofty
बृहत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (of दिवः) / Adhikaraṇa-सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootबृह् (वृद्धौ) → बृहत् (विशेषण)
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ- (प्रातिपदिक: द्यौ ‘heaven’)
रराणःrejoicing, delighting
रराणः:
Kartā (with implied subject = addressed deity)
TypeParticiple
Rootरम् (रमँ क्रीडायाम्/तुष्टौ) → रराण (कृदन्त)
विश्वेभिःwith all (of them)
विश्वेभिः:
Karaṇa/Sahakārī
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व- (सर्व)
गन्त्वोमभिःwith the goings/approaches and with the sacred calls (om-like invocations)
गन्त्वोमभिः:
Karaṇa/Sahakārī
TypeCompound Noun
Rootगन्त्व- (गम् ‘to go’ से; ‘going, goer’) + ओम- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उच्चारण/ओम्-सम्बद्ध स्तुति/आह्वान’ RV)
हुवानःinvoking, calling
हुवानः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Rootह्वे (ह्वयति ‘to call, invoke’) → हुवान (कृदन्त)
ग्नाःthe divine women; ladies (goddesses)
ग्नाः:
Kartā (or सहकर्ता) संदर्भानुसार
TypeNoun
Rootग्ना- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘देवी/स्त्री, divine women’)
वसानःwearing, clothed
वसानः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Rootवस् (वसँ आच्छादने ‘to clothe’) → वसान (कृदन्त)
ओषधीःplants, herbs
ओषधीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootओषधि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अमृध्रःunharming, unobstructed, uninjured
अमृध्रः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + मृध्र- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘harm/hostility/obstruction’)
त्रिधातुशृङ्गःthree-layered/threefold-horned
त्रिधातुशृङ्गः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of वृषभः)
TypeCompound Adjective/Noun
Rootत्रि- + धातु- + शृङ्ग- (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभःbull (strong one)
वृषभः:
Kartā (मुख्य उपमेय/उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ- (प्रातिपदिक)
वयोधाःbestower/holder of vigor (life-strength)
वयोधाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of वृषभः/subject)
TypeCompound Noun/Adjective
Rootवयस्- (strength/vitality) + धा (धा धारणे ‘to place/hold’) → -धाः (धारक)
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