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Rig Veda 5.31.10: Mandala 5, Sukta 31, Mantra 10

Sukta 5.31

Rishi: Atri Bhauma (Ātreya) (traditional for RV 5.31)
Devata: Indra (with Maruts as companions)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

वातस्य युक्तान्त्सुयुजश्चिदश्वान्कविश्चिदेषो अजगन्नवस्युः । विश्वे ते अत्र मरुतः सखाय इन्द्र ब्रह्माणि तविषीमवर्धन् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 5.31.10

vā́tasya yuktā́nt suyújaś cid áśvān kavíś cid eṣó ajagan avasyúḥ | víśve te átra marútaḥ sakhā́ya índra bráhmāṇi táviṣīm avardhan ||

Even the well-yoked horses of the Wind this seeker has reached, even the seer has come in his aspiration. Here all the Maruts, your comrades, O Indra, by their mantras increased your might.

वातस्यof the Wind
वातस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक) < √वा (वाति ‘to blow’)
युक्तान्yoked
युक्तान्:
कर्म (of अजगन्)
TypeAdjective (participial)
Root√युज् (युज्/युञ्ज् ‘to yoke, join’) → युक्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
सुयुजःwell-yoked / well-harnessed
सुयुजः:
कर्म (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- (उपसर्ग) + युज् (प्रातिपदिक ‘yoking/fit for yoking’)
चित्even
चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात/अव्यय)
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
कर्म (of अजगन्)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
कविःthe sage/poet
कविः:
कर्तृ (of अजगन्)
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even
चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (निपात/अव्यय)
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
कर्तृ (apposition to कविः)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अजगन्went / came
अजगन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति ‘to go’) with augment a-; Vedic injunctive/aorist form
नवस्युःseeker of new (boons)
नवस्युः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (of implied Indra)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootनवस्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘seeking/bringing what is new’, from नव ‘new’ + -स्यु desiderative/agentive suffix)
विश्वेall
विश्वे:
कर्तृ (of अवर्धन्)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you / your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम) → ते
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
कर्तृ (apposition to विश्वे)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
सखायःfriends
सखायः:
कर्तृ (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्माणिhymns / sacred utterances
ब्रह्माणि:
कर्तृ (with विश्वे…मरुतः…सखायः as agents; brahmāṇi as their ‘formulations’/hymns)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sacred formulation/hymn’)
तविषीम्might / strength
तविषीम्:
कर्म (of अवर्धन्)
TypeNoun
Rootतविषी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘strength, might’)
अवर्धन्increased / strengthened
अवर्धन्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृध् (वर्धते ‘to grow, increase’) with augment a-

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