Rig Veda 3.54.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 54, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.54
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Dyāvā-Pṛthivī / the Gods collectively (devāḥ) as objects of approach
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
को अद्धा वेद क इह प्र वोचद्देवाँ अच्छा पथ्या का समेति । ददृश्र एषामवमा सदांसि परेषु या गुह्येषु व्रतेषु ॥
Transliteration
kó addhā́ veda ká ihá prá vocad devā́ṃ ácchā pathyā̀ kā́ saméti | dadṛ́śra eṣām avamā́ sadā́ṃsi páreṣu yā́ gúhyeṣu vratéṣu ||
Translation
Who truly knows, who here can declare the right path by which one reaches the gods? Their lower seats are seen; but those that are beyond—hidden in the secret laws—(are hard to perceive).
Word by Word
कःwho?
कः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) सर्वनाम
अद्धाtruly, indeed
अद्धा:
सम्बन्ध/प्रकार (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्धा (निपात)
वेदknows
वेद:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने)
कःwho?
कः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) सर्वनाम
इहhere
इह:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वोचत्would declare / proclaimed
वोचत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (वचँ परिभाषणे)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
अच्छाtowards
अच्छा:
दिशा/प्रति (गत्यर्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ)
पथ्याthe path (right way)
पथ्या:
कर्तृ (समेति-क्रियायाः) / विधेय
TypeNoun
Rootपथ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पथ’ से) / पथ्या (स्त्री.)
काwhich? what?
का:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) सर्वनाम
समेतिcomes together, leads/joins
समेति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√इ (इण् गतौ)
ददृश्रthey have seen
ददृश्र:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (दृशँ प्रेक्षणे)
एषाम्of these / of them
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अवमाthe lowest, the last
अवमा:
कर्म (ददृश्र—किं ददृश्र?)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवम (प्रातिपदिक)
सदांसिseats, abodes, assemblies
सदांसि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसदस् (प्रातिपदिक)
परेषुin the farther/remote (places)
परेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
याwhich / that
या:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (relative)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गुह्येषुin the hidden (places)
गुह्येषु:
अधिकरण
TypeAdjective
Rootगुह्य (प्रातिपदिक; √गुह् ‘to hide’ से)
व्रतेषुin the ordinances, sacred laws/observances
व्रतेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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