Rig Veda 10.35.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 35, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.35

Rishi: Unknown/varied attributions in tradition for RV 10.35; commonly associated with dawn/fire imagery (check specific Anukramaṇī for exact seer)

Devata: Composite invocation: Dyāvā-Pṛthivī, Sūrya, Uṣas, Soma (with an underlying prayer for auspiciousness/protection)

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; RV 10.35 is commonly in Jagatī with recurring refrain patterns in later verses)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दिवस्पृथिव्योरव आ वृणीमहे मातॄन्त्सिन्धून्पर्वताञ्छर्यणावतः । अनागास्त्वं सूर्यमुषासमीमहे भद्रं सोमः सुवानो अद्या कृणोतु नः ॥

Transliteration

divás pṛthivyór áva ā́ vṛṇīmahe mātṝ́n sindhū́n párvatāñ char-yaṇā́vataḥ | anāgā́s tváṁ sū́ryam uṣā́sām īmahe bhadráṁ sómaḥ suvānáḥ adyā́ kṛṇotu naḥ ||

Translation

From Heaven and Earth we choose for ourselves the saving protection; we call also the sustaining Mothers— the Rivers and the firm Mountains rich in movement and strength. O blameless One, we invoke the Sun and the Dawn within us; may Soma, pressed out today, create for us the Good—an auspicious state of being.

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Word by Word

• दिवः: of heaven
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ ‘स्वर्ग’)

• पृथिव्योः: of the two earths (heaven-and-earth pair)
• पृथिव्योः: सम्बन्ध/अधिकारण (contextual)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help, protection
• अवः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• वृणीमहे: we choose/seek
• वृणीमहे: क्रिया (कर्तृ: वयम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (वृणीते) ‘choose, seek’

• मातॄन्: the mothers
• मातॄन्: कर्म (वृणीमहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सिन्धून्: the rivers
• सिन्धून्: कर्म (वृणीमहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• पर्वतान्: the mountains
• पर्वतान्: कर्म (वृणीमहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)

• शर्यणावतः: the Sharyāṇavat (mountains), i.e., those endowed with ‘शर्यणा’
• शर्यणावतः: कर्म (as qualifier of पर्वतान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शर्यणावत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having/possessing शर्यणा’)

• अनागाः: sinless, guiltless
• अनागाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनागस् (प्रातिपदिक; a- + आगस् ‘sin’)

• त्वम्: thou
• त्वम्: कर्ता (मीमहे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सूर्यम्: the Sun
• सूर्यम्: कर्म (मीमहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषासम्: Dawn
• उषासम्: कर्म (मीमहे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईमहे: we seek/implore
• ईमहे: क्रिया (कर्तृ: वयम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ई (ईयते/ईमहे) ‘seek, implore, go to’ (वैदिक)

• भद्रम्: auspicious good
• भद्रम्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: कर्ता (कृणोतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुवानः: being pressed/expressed
• सुवानः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Participle
• Root: सु (धातु) + वान (कृत्-प्रत्यय; PPP/participle) → सुवान ‘pressing/being pressed, being poured’ (वैदिक)

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: अधिकारण (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)

• कृणोतु: may he make
• कृणोतु: क्रिया (कर्तृ: सोमः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (करोति) ‘make, do’

• नः: for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान (beneficiary)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)