Rig Veda 10.181.2 — Mandala 10, Sukta 181, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.181

Rishi: Bharadvāja (named in the verse)

Devata: Agni (with Dhātṛ, Savitṛ, Viṣṇu as sources)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (explicitly referenced; verse itself may be in a different meter in some recensions, but the mantra thematizes Anuṣṭubh)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अविन्दन्ते अतिहितं यदासीद्यज्ञस्य धाम परमं गुहा यत् । धातुर्द्युतानात्सवितुश्च विष्णोर्भरद्वाजो बृहदा चक्रे अग्नेः ॥

Transliteration

avíndante áti-hitaṃ yád āsīd yajñásya dhā́ma paramáṃ guhā́ yát | dhā́tur dyutā́nāt savitúś ca víṣṇor bharádvājo bṛhád ā́ cakre agnéḥ ||

Translation

They found that which was set beyond, when the supreme seat of the sacrifice was hidden in the cavern. From Dhātṛ’s shining, from Savitṛ and from Viṣṇu, Bharadvāja fashioned the Vast (Bṛhat) for Agni—so the Fire may blaze in the wideness of the soul.

Word by Word

• अविन्दन्ते: they found / discovered
• अविन्दन्ते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √विद् (विन्दति) / प्राप्-अर्थे

• अतिहितम्: hidden away, laid beyond (well-concealed)
• अतिहितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: अति-√धा (हित) / प्रातिपदिक: अतिहित-

• यत्: which
• यत्: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (अस्ति)

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ-

• धाम: abode; seat; ordinance/place
• धाम: Karma (as object of ‘found’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन्-

• परमम्: highest, supreme
• परमम्: Karma (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम-

• गुहा: in the cave; in concealment
• गुहा: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (indeclinable-like locative form used adverbially)
• Root: गुहा-

• यत्: which
• यत्: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• धातुः: of the establisher/creator
• धातुः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातृ-/धातु- (Vedic: ‘creator/establisher’; also ‘element’ later)

• द्युतानात्: from the shining (splendour)
• द्युतानात्: Apādāna
• Type: Noun (action/agent abstract in -āna)
• Root: द्युतान- (from √द्युत् ‘shine’)

• सवितुः: of Savitṛ
• सवितुः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ-

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विष्णोः: of Viṣṇu
• विष्णोः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु-

• भरद्वाजः: Bharadvāja
• भरद्वाजः: Kartā
• Type: Proper Noun (ṛṣi-name)
• Root: भरद्वाज-

• बृहदा: with greatness; mightily
• बृहदा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective (adverbial instrumental)
• Root: बृहद्- (Vedic instr. sg. used adverbially)

• चक्रे: he has made; he fashioned
• चक्रे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (करोति)

• अग्नेः: of Agni
• अग्नेः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि-