Rig Veda 1.189.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 189, Mantra 5

Sukta 1.189

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (not recomputed here)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा नो अग्नेऽव सृजो अघायाविष्यवे रिपवे दुच्छुनायै । मा दत्वते दशते मादते नो मा रीषते सहसावन्परा दाः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.189.5

Transliteration

mā́ no agné ’vá sṛjo aghā́ya aviṣyáve ripáve ducchúnāyai | mā́ datváte dáśate mā́ ádate no mā́ rī́ṣate sahasāvan párā dāḥ ||

Translation

O Agni, do not cast us down to the evil-minded, to the one who seeks to harm, to the hostile who brings ill-fortune. Do not give us over to the giver who bargains, nor to the one who would seize; O forceful one, put far away the one who would injure us.

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Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• नः: of us / to us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि

• अव: down, away (as preverb)
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अव (उपसर्ग) / ava

• सृजः: release / let loose
• सृजः: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज्

• अघाय: to the evil one / for harm
• अघाय: Sampradāna (to/for) / लक्ष्य
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अघ (प्रातिपदिक) / agha

• अविष्यवे: to the would-be attacker / to the one seeking to harm
• अविष्यवे: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Adjective (as noun)
• Root: अविष्यु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘हानिकाम’)

• रिपवे: to the enemy
• रिपवे: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रिपु

• दुच्छुनायै: to misfortune / to ill-luck
• दुच्छुनायै: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुच्छुना

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• दत्वते: to the giver / to the generous man
• दत्वते: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Adjective (as noun)
• Root: दत्वत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दातृ/दानशील’)

• दशते: to the biter / to the one who harms
• दशते: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Adjective (as noun)
• Root: दशत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दंशक/हानिकर्तृ’)

• मादते: to the intoxicated / to the maddened one
• मादते: Sampradāna (to/for)
• Type: Kṛdanta (participle used as noun)
• Root: मद्

• नः: us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā

• रीषते: injure / harm
• रीषते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रीष्

• सहसावन्: O mighty one
• सहसावन्: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (as vocative)
• Root: सहसावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘बलवान्’)

• परा: away, forth
• परा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परा (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) / parā

• दाः: give / grant (i.e., drive away, bestow removal)
• दाः: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (दाने) / dā