Rig Veda 1.12.9 — Mandala 1, Sukta 12, Mantra 9

Sukta 1.12

Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva

Devata: Agni (Pāvaka)

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो अग्निं देववीतये हविष्माँ आविवासति । तस्मै पावक मृळय ॥

Transliteration

yó agníṃ deva-vī́taye havíṣmān āvivā́sati | tásmai pā́vaka mṛḷaya ||

Translation

He who, rich in offering, seeks to draw Agni for the gods’ coming and enjoyment—upon him, O purifying Fire, pour your grace and gladness.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: कर्तृ (सम्बन्ध-कर्तृ; यः = ‘जो’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-

• अग्निम्: Agni (the fire-god)
• अग्निम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• देववीतये: for the divine approach/invitation (for the gods’ coming)
• देववीतये: सम्प्रदान (उद्देश्य/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देववीति- (प्रातिपदिक; देव + वीतिः ‘आह्वान/आगमन/स्वीकार’)

• हविष्मान्: possessing oblation; offering-rich
• हविष्मान्: कर्तृ (यः… हविष्मान् = ‘जो हवि-युक्तः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हविष्मन्त्- (प्रातिपदिक; हविस् + मन्त्)

• आविवासति: honours, serves, worships (repeatedly/earnestly)
• आविवासति: क्रिया (कर्तृ-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वास् (वास्/उपसेवा/तोषण) with आ-; Vedic intensive stem विवास-

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पावक: O Purifier (Agni)
• पावक: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: पावक- (प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘to purify’ → पावक ‘purifier’)

• मृळय: be gracious; show mercy
• मृळय: क्रिया (आज्ञा/प्रार्थना)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मृळ्/मृड् (to be gracious, to show mercy)