Shloka 39

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः — रामस्य शरवृष्ट्या राक्षससेनाविनाशः

Ravana Enters Council; Rama’s Arrow-Storm Destroys the Rakshasa Host

Devanagari script

निहत्यतांराक्षसराजवाहिनींरामस्तदाशक्रसमोमहात्मा ।अस्त्रषुशस्त्रषुजितक्लमश्चसंस्तूयतेदेवगणैःप्रहृष्टैः ।।।।

Transliteration

nihatya tāṃ rākṣasarāja-vāhinīṃ rāmas tadā śakra-samo mahātmā |

astreṣu śastreṣu jita-klamaś ca saṃstūyate deva-gaṇaiḥ prahṛṣṭaiḥ ||

Translation

راکشس راج کی اس لشکرگاہ کو نیست و نابود کر کے، مہاتما شری رام—جو شکر (اندرا) کے مانند تھے—استروں اور شستروں کے استعمال میں بے تھکن، خوشی سے جھومتے دیوتاؤں کے گنوں کی جانب سے سراہا گیا۔

Word by Word

• nihatya: having slain
• nihatya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√han (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), from √han (हन्) with prefix ni-; indeclinable verbal form (avyayībhāva-like usage as kriyāviśeṣaṇa)

• tām: that (her/it)
• tām: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun

• rākṣasarājavāhinīm: the army of the rākṣasa king
• rākṣasarājavāhinīm: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa + rāja + vāhinī (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: rākṣasarājasya vāhinī = 'army of the rākṣasa-king'

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण; time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• śakrasamaḥ: equal to Indra
• śakrasamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; predicate adjective of rāmaḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakra + sama (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); उपमान-तत्पुरुष: śakreṇa samaḥ = 'equal to Śakra (Indra)'

• mahātmā: the great-souled one
• mahātmā: Karta (कर्ता; apposition to rāmaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + ātman (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: mahān ātmā yasya/mahān ātmā = 'great-souled'

• astreṣu: in (use of) missiles
• astreṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; sphere/field)
• Type: Noun
• Root: astra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śastreṣu: in (use of) weapons
• śastreṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; sphere/field)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śastra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• jitaklamaḥ: unwearied
• jitaklamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; of rāmaḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jita (√ji धातु; क्त) + klama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: jitaḥ klamo yena = 'one whose fatigue is conquered' (unwearied)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• saṃstūyate: is praised
• saṃstūyate: Kriyā (क्रिया; main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√stu (धातु) (स्तु) + ya (यक्/य) passive
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); from sam-√stu 'to praise'

• devagaṇaiḥ: by the hosts of gods
• devagaṇaiḥ: Karta (कर्ता; agent in passive, तृतीया-कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिकानि)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: devānāṃ gaṇāḥ = 'hosts of gods'

• prahṛṣṭaiḥ: delighted, jubilant
• prahṛṣṭaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; of devagaṇaiḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√hṛṣ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with devagaṇaiḥ

Context

By the time of sunrise, the most terrific war started between Vanaras and Rakshasas, which became tumultuous.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rākṣasarāja (Rāvaṇa, implied)
• Śakra (Indra)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

When action is aligned with Dharma, it receives cosmic affirmation: the devas rejoice and praise the righteous hero who protects moral order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma has routed the rākṣasa forces; the divine beings respond with praise and approval.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Akliṣṭa-karma / untiring perseverance—Rāma remains unexhausted and effective in righteous duty.