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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 59

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

निराशानिहतेपुत्रेदत्त्वाश्राद्धमचेतना ।अग्निमावेक्ष्यतेनूनमापोवापिप्रवेक्ष्यति ।।।।

nirāśā nihate putre dattvā śrāddham acetānā | agnim āvekṣyate nūnam āpo vā api pravekṣyati ||

جب بیٹا مارا جائے گا تو وہ نااُمید ہو کر، غم سے بے خود، شرادھ کی رسم ادا کرے گی؛ پھر یقیناً آگ کی طرف دیکھے گی، یا شاید پانی میں اتر جائے گی۔

nirāśāhopeless
nirāśā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnirāśā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण (qualifies implied ‘she’)
nihatewhen (he is) slain
nihate:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootni + han (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘slain’; पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; ‘putre’ इत्यस्य विशेषण
putrein (the case of) the son
putre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; अधिकरण (in/when the son is slain)
dattvāhaving offered
dattvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive) ‘having given/offered’
śrāddhamśrāddha rites
śrāddham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
acetānāsenseless
acetānā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota + cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण (senseless/unconscious)
agnimfire
agnim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
āvekṣyatewill enter/resort to
āvekṣyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā + īkṣ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; अर्थः ‘will enter/turn to (look towards)’—here ‘will resort to’
nūnamsurely
nūnam:
Sambandha (particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnūnam (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थ-अव्यय (particle: ‘surely’)
āpaḥwater
āpaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootap (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (pluralia tantum), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन
or
:
Sambandha (conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थ-अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (also/even)
pravekṣyatiwill enter (water)
pravekṣyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + viś (धातु)
Formलृट् (Future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; अर्थः ‘will enter’

'She will be crying and keep remembering his birth, childhood, youth, and his rightful actions, and his charm'.

K
Kauśalyā
R
Rāma
Ś
śrāddha
A
agni (fire)

FAQs

Dharma is seen in the performance of śrāddha (duty to the departed), even amid overwhelming grief—ritual duty persists as a moral anchor.

Sītā imagines Kauśalyā’s extreme response to hearing of Rāma’s death: rites first, then self-destruction in despair.

Kauśalyā’s maternal devotion and sense of duty—her identity is bound to her son and to prescribed rites.