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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 65, Shloka 57

कुम्भकर्णप्रस्थानम्

Kumbhakarna’s Departure for Battle

विपुलपरिघवान् स कुम्भकर्णोरिपुनिधनायविनिस्पृतोत्मा ।कपिषणभयमाददत्सुभीमंप्रभुरिवदण्डवान्युगान्ते ।।।।

vipula-parighavān sa kumbhakarṇo ripu-nidhanāya viniṣpṛtātmā |

kapiṣaṇa-bhayam ādadat subhīmaṃ prabhur iva daṇḍavān yugānte ||

بھاری لوہے کا گرز اٹھائے کُمبھکرن—دشمنوں کے وِناش کے لیے چھوڑا گیا—کپیوں کی صفوں پر ایسی ہیبت بن کر بڑھا جیسے یُگ کے انت میں دَण्ड دینے والا مقتدر فرمانروا۔

vipula-parigha-vānbearing a huge iron bar
vipula-parigha-vān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; of kumbhakarṇaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipula (प्रातिपदिक) + parigha (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुष-आधारः + वत्-प्रत्यय (possessive: having huge iron bar)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
kumbhakarṇaḥKumbhakarna
kumbhakarṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
ripu-nidhanāyafor the destruction of enemies
ripu-nidhanāya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootripu (प्रातिपदिक) + nidhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, चतुर्थी (dative), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (रिपूणां निधनम्)
vinispṛta-ātmāwith his spirit roused / sprung forth
vinispṛta-ātmā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; of kumbhakarṇaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-nis-√sṛ (धातु) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः (विनिस्पृतः आत्मा यस्य = whose self has come forth)
kapi-ṣaṇa-bhayamfear for the monkeys
kapi-ṣaṇa-bhayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (कपीनां भयं)
ādadattaking up / assuming
ādadat:
Karta (कर्ता; participial, of kumbhakarṇaḥ)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√dā (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्तः (present participle), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; 'taking/assuming'
su-bhīmamvery dreadful
su-bhīmam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + bhīma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (of kapi-ṣaṇa-bhayam)
prabhuḥa lord
prabhuḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; उपमानम्
ivalike
iva:
Upamā-marker (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक-अव्ययम्
daṇḍa-vānwielding a staff
daṇḍa-vān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण; of prabhuḥ, in simile)
TypeAdjective
Rootdaṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (वत्-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; वत्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive)
yugānteat the end of an age
yugānte:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; time)
TypeNoun
Rootyugānta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी (locative), एकवचनम्

Armed with a huge iron bar, Kumbhakarna stood for destroying the enemies like the great time spirit, deadly God of Death waits at the end of the universe along with Kinkaras, like a king.।। ityārṣēvālmīkīyēśrīmadrāmāyaṇēādikāvyēyuddhakāṇḍēpañcāṣaṣṭitamassargaḥ ।।This is the end of the sixty fifth sarga of Yuddha Kanda of the first epic, the holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

K
Kumbhakarṇa
P
parigha (iron club)
V
Vānaras (kapi)
Y
yugānta (end of the age)

FAQs

The verse frames destructive power as ‘daṇḍa’ (punishment) imagery, reminding that force without dharma becomes terror; true righteous authority restrains violence to protect order, not to gratify cruelty.

Kumbhakarṇa enters the battle armed with a massive weapon, becoming a fearsome threat to the Vānara army.

For the dharmic side, steadfast courage is called for; for Kumbhakarṇa, the verse underscores overwhelming might—yet portrayed as ominous and end-of-age destructive.