Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 4

द्वन्द्वयुद्धप्रवृत्तिः

Dvandva-Yuddha: The Onset of Single Combats

Devanagari script

वानराणामपिचमूर्बृहतीजयमिच्छताम् ।अभ्यधावततांसेनांरक्षसांकामरूपिणम् ।।6.43.4।।

Transliteration

vānarāṇām api camūr bṛhatī jayam icchatām |

abhyadhāvata tāṃ senāṃ rakṣasāṃ kāmarūpiṇīm ||6.43.4||

Translation

فتح کے خواہاں، وानروں کی عظیم فوج بھی آگے بڑھ آئی اور کامروپ رाक्षسوں کی اُس لشکر پر ٹوٹ پڑی جو اپنی مرضی سے روپ دھار لیتے تھے۔

Word by Word

• vānarāṇām: of the Vanaras
• vānarāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)

• api: also, even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), additive/emphatic

• camūḥ: army
• camūḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: camū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• bṛhatī: great, mighty
• bṛhatī: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bṛhat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying camūḥ

• jayam: victory
• jayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• icchatām: of (those) desiring
• icchatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष् धातु)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (वर्तमानकृदन्त) present active participle (शतृ), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with vānarāṇām

• abhyadhāvat: rushed towards, charged
• abhyadhāvat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√dhāv (धाव् धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्, Imperfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• tān: those (them)
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• senām: army/host
• senām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: senā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); in apposition to tān (collective)

• rakṣasām: of the Rakshasas
• rakṣasām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kāmarūpiṇīm: able to assume forms at will
• kāmarūpiṇīm: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāmarūpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying senām

Context

Wishing triumph even the powerful army of powerful Vanaras of terrific deeds went ahead to fight with Rakshasas.

Characters & Entities

• Vānaras
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as steadfast courage in a righteous cause—moving forward without hesitation when duty calls, even against a formidable and deceptive enemy.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānara forces, intent on victory, launch an advance against the Rākṣasa army in the thick of the Laṅkā war.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective valor and resolve (dhairya/utsāha) of the Vānara host.