Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 62

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

तेषां नस्वामिसन्देशान्निराशानां मुमूर्षताम्।कार्यहेतोरिवायातश्शकुनिर्वीर्यवान्महान्।।।।

Transliteration

teṣāṃ na svāmisandeśān nirāśānāṃ mumūrṣatām | kāryahetor ivāyātaḥ śakunir vīryavān mahān ||5.35.62||

Translation

ہم جو اپنے سوامی کے سندیش کو یاد رکھتے ہوئے نااُمید اور مرنے کو تیار تھے، اسی حالت میں ایک عظیم، زورآور پرندہ نمودار ہوا—گویا کام کی تکمیل ہی کے لیے عین وقت پر آ پہنچا ہو۔

Word by Word

• teṣām: of those (people)
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; 'of them/for them'

• naḥ: of us
• naḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी, बहुवचन (enclitic); here genitive 'of us'

• svāmi-sandeśāt: from the master's message/command
• svāmi-sandeśāt: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svāmin (प्रातिपदिक) + sandeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (स्वामिनः सन्देशः), पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन

• nirāśānām: of the hopeless/disappointed
• nirāśānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; qualifying (teṣām/naḥ)

• mumūrṣatām: of those desiring to die
• mumūrṣatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √mṛ (धातु) > mumūrṣu (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इच्छार्थक कृदन्त (सन्-अर्थ/उषु प्रत्यय), षष्ठी, बहुवचन; 'of those wishing to die'

• kārya-hetoḥ: for the sake of the task
• kārya-hetoḥ: Hetu (हेतु/निमित्त)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक) + hetu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कार्यस्य हेतुः), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; used with iva

• iva: as if
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• āyātaḥ: came; having arrived
• āyātaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (धातु) + ā- (उपसर्ग) > āyāta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; intransitively 'having come'

• śakuniḥ: a bird
• śakuniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śakuni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vīryavān: powerful
• vīryavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīrya (प्रातिपदिक) + -vant (तद्धित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; possessive adjective qualifying śakuniḥ

• mahān: great; huge
• mahān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying śakuniḥ

Context

"That king of vultures, Sampati was the brother of king of birds Jatayu. Hearing about the death of his younger brother Sampati felt distresed and spoke in anger:

Characters & Entities

• Vanaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is sustained by perseverance and timely help: even when duty seems to end in failure, providential support can arise for those committed to a righteous task.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vanaras, having failed and fearing consequences of the king’s order, decide to die by fasting; at that moment a great bird arrives, changing the course of events.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance under duty-bound pressure—despite despair, the mission’s moral seriousness remains central.