Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 25

रामलक्षणवर्णनम्

Description of Rama and Lakshmana; Alliance Narrative to Sita

Devanagari script

त्वामेव मार्गमाणौ तौ विचरन्तौ वसुन्धराम्।ददर्शतुर्मृगपतिं पूर्वजेनावरोपितम्।।5.35.24।।ऋश्यमूकस्य पृष्ठे तु बहुपादपसङ्कुले।भ्रातुर्भयार्तमासीनं सुग्रीवं प्रियदर्शनम्।।5.35.25।।

Transliteration

ṛśyamūkasya pṛṣṭhe tu bahupādapasaṅkule |

bhrātur bhayārtam āsīnaṃ sugrīvaṃ priyadarśanam ||5.35.25||

Translation

اور رِشیَمُوک کے دامن پر—بہت سے درختوں سے گھنے—انہوں نے سُگریو کو دیکھا، جو دیدہ زیب تھا، مگر اپنے بھائی کے خوف سے مضطرب ہو کر وہاں بیٹھا تھا۔

Word by Word

• ṛśyamūkasya: of Ṛśyamūka (mountain)
• ṛśyamūkasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛśyamūka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• pṛṣṭhe: on the back/slope
• pṛṣṭhe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; contrast/emphasis)

• bahu-pādapa-saṅkule: crowded with many trees
• bahu-pādapa-saṅkule: Adhikarana-anvaya (अधिकरण-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + pādapa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुष (बहुभिः पादपैः सङ्कुलः), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (Singular); pṛṣṭhe इति विशेषणम्

• bhrātuḥ: of (his) brother
• bhrātuḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• bhayārtam: distressed with fear
• bhayārtam: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya + ārta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः तत्पुरुष (भयेन आर्तः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (Singular); sugrīvam इति विशेषणम्

• āsīnam: seated
• āsīnam: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ās (आस्) (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past active participle/क्तवतु-भावार्थ; here PPP-like adjectival), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (Singular); 'seated'

• sugrīvam: Sugriva
• sugrīvam: Karma (कर्म/Object of 'saw')
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• priyadarśanam: pleasant to behold
• priyadarśanam: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः कर्मधारय (प्रियं दर्शनं यस्य/प्रियदर्शनः), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन (Singular); sugrīvam इति विशेषणम्

Context

"Sugriva, king of vanaras who is committed to defend truth has been deposed from the kingdom by his elder brother. We keep attending on him.

Characters & Entities

• Ṛśyamūka
• Sugrīva
• brother (Vāli, implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the dharmic need for protection and refuge: a wronged person, living in fear, becomes a rightful recipient of support and alliance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa locate Sugrīva on Ṛśyamūka, where he lives in fear of his powerful elder brother.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance under adversity: Sugrīva persists despite fear and displacement, awaiting a just turn of fortune.