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Shloka 33

हनूमता सुग्रीवस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Hanuman’s Counsel on Timely Ally-Duty

त्रिपञ्चरात्रादूर्ध्वं यः प्राप्नुयान्नेह वानरः।तस्य प्राणान्तिको दण्डो नात्र कार्या विचारणा4.29.33।।

tripañcarātrād ūrdhvaṃ yaḥ prāpnuyān neha vānaraḥ | tasya prāṇāntiko daṇḍo nātra kāryā vicāraṇā || 4.29.33 ||

تین یا پانچ راتیں گزر جانے کے بعد جو بندر یہاں پہنچے گا، اس پر جان لیوا سزا تک نافذ ہوگی؛ اس میں کسی بحث و تامل کی گنجائش نہیں۔

tripañcarātrātafter three or five nights
tripañcarātrāt:
Apādāna/Time-from (अपादान/काल-आरम्भ)
TypeNoun
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक) + pañca (प्रातिपदिक) + rātra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvigu-samāsa (द्विगु) ‘tri-pañca-rātrāḥ’ (three/five nights) used as a time-unit; Ablative (पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन)
ūrdhvambeyond/after that
ūrdhvam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootūrdhva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय) used as adverb meaning ‘beyond/after’
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
prāpnuyātshould arrive/reach
prāpnuyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√āp (आप् धातु)
FormOptative/vidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Negation particle (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormPratiṣedha-nipāta (प्रतिषेध-निपात), negation
ihahere
iha:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormDeśa-avyaya (देश-अव्यय), adverb of place
vānaraḥa monkey/vanara
vānaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); in apposition to yaḥ
tasyaof him/for him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी) Singular (एकवचन)
prāṇāntikaḥending in death/capital
prāṇāntikaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + antika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘prāṇānām antikaḥ’ = reaching life; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन), adjective qualifying daṇḍaḥ
daṇḍaḥpunishment
daṇḍaḥ:
Karta/Predicate nominal (कर्ता/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Negation particle (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormPratiṣedha-nipāta (प्रतिषेध-निपात)
atrahere/in this matter
atra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
FormDeśa-avyaya (देश-अव्यय), adverb of place
kāryāto be done/required
kāryā:
Vidhāna/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective agreeing with vicāraṇā; gerundive sense ‘to be done’
vicāraṇādeliberation/inquiry
vicāraṇā:
Karta/Predicate nominal (कर्ता/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootvicāraṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Singular (एकवचन)
S
Sugrīva
V
Vānara (monkey troops)

FAQs

Kāla-dharma: duty must be performed within time. The verse frames timeliness as a moral and strategic necessity, enforced through strict discipline.

To ensure rapid mobilization for Rāma’s mission, Sugrīva sets a hard deadline and prescribes severe penalties for delay.

Sugrīva’s decisiveness and prioritization of mission over comfort; a ruler’s firmness in enforcing collective duty.