Shloka 13

द्वितीयः सर्गः (Sarga 2): Sugriva’s Alarm and Hanuman’s Commission

Devanagari script

ततस्तं भयसंविग्नं वालिकिल्बिषशङ्कितम्।उवाच हनुमान्वाक्यं सुग्रीवं वाक्यकोविदः।।

Transliteration

tatas taṃ bhaya-saṃvignaṃ vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam | uvāca hanumān vākyaṃ sugrīvaṃ vākya-kovidaḥ ||

Translation

پھر ہنومان—جو کلام میں ماہر تھا—اُس سُگریو سے مخاطب ہوا جو خوف سے لرزاں تھا اور والی کی طرف سے کسی فریب یا سازش کے گمان میں مبتلا تھا۔

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (then)

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• bhaya-saṃvignam: agitated with fear
• bhaya-saṃvignam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhaya + saṃvigna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (भयेन संविग्नः), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam: suspecting (some) misdeed of Vali
• vāli-kilbiṣa-śaṅkitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vāli + kilbiṣa + śaṅkita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (वालिकिल्बिषे शङ्कितः/वालिना कृतं किल्बिषं शङ्कते), पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• uvāca: said/spoke
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vākyam: words/speech
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• sugrīvam: to Sugriva
• sugrīvam: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• vākyakovidaḥ: skilled in speech
• vākyakovidaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vākya-kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (वाक्येषु कोविदः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Suspecting that Vali might have sent them (Rama and Lakshmana), Hanuman, skilful in communication, said to Sugriva who was trembling in fear:

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Sugrīva
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Right speech in service of truth (satya) and welfare: Hanumān’s role models dharmic counsel—using communication to calm fear and seek clarity.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva fears Vāli’s schemes upon seeing Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān begins advising him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vāk-kauśalya (skillful speech) used for protection and good judgment.