Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 18

विश्वामित्रस्य तपोविघ्नः, मेनकाप्रसङ्गः, महर्षिपदप्रदानम्

Visvamitra’s Austerity Obstructed; Menaka Episode; Conferment of Maharshi Status

Devanagari script

महर्षे स्वागतं वत्स तपसोग्रेण तोषित:।महत्त्वमृषिमुख्यत्वं ददामि तव कौशिक ।।।।

Transliteration

maharṣe svāgataṃ vatsa tapasogreṇa toṣitaḥ | mahattvam ṛṣimukhyatvaṃ dadāmi tava kauśika ||

Translation

اے مہارشی! خوش آمدید، اے میرے بچے! تمہاری تپسیا کی سختی سے میں نہایت خوش ہوا ہوں؛ اے کوشک! میں تمہیں عظمت اور رشیوں میں برتری عطا کرتا ہوں۔

Word by Word

• महर्षे: O great sage
• महर्षे: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• स्वागतम्: welcome
• स्वागतम्: वाक्यांश (Predicative/utterance)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वागत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); आशीर्वचन/उद्गार (welcome-expression)

• वत्स: O child
• वत्स: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: करण (Instrument/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• उग्रेण: intense
• उग्रेण: करणे विशेषण (Adjectival to instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण of 'तपसा'

• तोषितः: pleased
• तोषितः: कर्ता-भाव (Predicate of speaker)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तुष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nom/1st), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे: 'I am pleased' (speaker Brahmā)

• महत्त्वम्: greatness; eminence
• महत्त्वम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ऋषिमुख्यत्वम्: preeminence among sages
• ऋषिमुख्यत्वम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि + मुख्यत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'ऋषीणां मुख्यत्वम्'

• ददामि: I give
• ददामि: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• तव: to you; your
• तव: सम्प्रदान-सम्बन्ध (Recipient relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• कौशिक: O Kauśika
• कौशिक: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौशिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

"O Maharshi! O Child welcome! Pleased with your intense austerities, O Son of Kushika! I confer upon you the eminent rank of a great rishi (maharshi)".

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Viśvāmitra (Kauśika)
• Maharṣi (title/status)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma teaches that disciplined self-effort (tapas) can transform one’s standing; rightful authority is conferred when inner discipline is proven.

What is the narrative situation?

Brahmā formally welcomes Viśvāmitra and grants him elevated sage-status based on his intense austerities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Austerity and steadfast striving as the foundation for legitimate spiritual rank.