Valmiki Ramayana 2.92.27: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 92, Shloka 27

भरद्वाजाश्रमात् चित्रकूटमार्गनिर्देशः

Directions from Bharadvaja’s Hermitage to Chitrakuta

Devanagari script

इत्युक्त्वा नरशार्दूलो बाष्पगद्गदया गिरा। स निश्स्वास ताम्राक्षो नागः कृद्ध इव श्वसन्।।2.92.27।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.92.27

Transliteration

ity uktvā naraśārdūlo bāṣpagadgadayā girā |

sa niśsvāsa tāmrākṣo nāgaḥ kṛddha iva śvasan || 2.92.27 ||

Translation

یوں کہہ کر وہ نر شیر—آنکھیں سرخ کیے—آنسوؤں سے بھری گدگدی آواز میں بولا؛ پھر بھاری سانسیں لیتا ہوا، غضب ناک ناگ کی طرح پھُسکارنے لگا۔

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Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta/quotative particle (निपात), indeclinable

• uktvā: having said
• uktvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), from √vac (वच्), 'having said'

• naraśārdūlaḥ: tiger among men
• naraśārdūlaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara + śārdūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'nareṣu śārdūlaḥ'

• bāṣpa-gadgadayā: with a tear-choked
• bāṣpa-gadgadayā: Karaṇa (करणम्/instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bāṣpa + gadgada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana; agrees with 'girā'; tatpuruṣa: 'bāṣpeṇa gadgadā' (choked with tears)

• girā: with (his) voice/speech
• girā: Karaṇa (करणम्/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gir (गिर्) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; pronoun

• niḥśvāsa: he heaved sighs
• niḥśvāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: niḥ-śvas (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada; from √śvas (श्वस्) with prefix nis-/niḥ; meaning 'he sighed/heaved breaths'

• tāmrākṣaḥ: reddened-eyed
• tāmrākṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tāmra + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'tāmrāṇi akṣīṇi yasya saḥ' (one whose eyes are reddish)

• nāgaḥ: a serpent/cobra
• nāgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता, upamāna-context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• kṛddhaḥ: angry
• kṛddhaḥ: Karta-dharma (कर्तृधर्म/qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛdh (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), from √kṛdh (क्रुध्); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with 'saḥ'

• iva: like/as if
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-vācaka avyaya (उपमावाचक अव्यय)

• śvasan: breathing/sighing
• śvasan: Karta-dharma (कर्तृधर्म/qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śvas (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with 'saḥ'

Context

Thus spoke Bharata, the best of men, with his eyes reddened and voice choked with sobs and hissing like a king cobra.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It implicitly warns that even righteous persons can be overwhelmed by grief and anger; dharma involves mastering emotion so judgment does not become destructive.

What is the narrative situation?

After condemning Kaikeyī, Bharata is shown physically shaken—sobbing, sighing, and burning with anger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Intensity of moral feeling: Bharata’s sorrow and indignation arise from loyalty to righteousness and love for Rāma.