Shloka 2

Devanagari script

अग्रतः प्रययुस्तस्य सर्वे मन्त्रिपुरोधसः।अधिरुह्य हयैर्युक्तान्रथान्सूर्यरथोपमान्।।2.83.2।।

Transliteration

agrataḥ prayayus tasya sarve mantripurodhasaḥ |

adhiruhya hayair yuktān rathān sūryarathopamān || 2.83.2 ||

Translation

اس کے آگے آگے اس کے سب وزیر اور پُروہت چلے، گھوڑوں سے جتے ہوئے ایسے رتھوں پر سوار ہو کر جو سورج کے رتھ کی مانند دمکتے تھے۔

Word by Word

• agrataḥ: in front
• agrataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: agratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (in front)

• prayayuḥ: went forth
• prayayuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√yā (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• tasya: of him (Bharata)
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• mantripurodhasaḥ: ministers and priests
• mantripurodhasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantrin + purohita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: मन्त्रिणः च पुरोधसः च (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व)

• adhiruhya: having mounted
• adhiruhya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: adhi-√ruh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त; ‘having mounted’

• hayaiḥ: with horses
• hayaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: haya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• yuktān: harnessed
• yuktān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (प्रातिपदिक; √yuj क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (of rathān)

• rathān: chariots
• rathān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• sūryarathopamān: like the Sun's chariot
• sūryarathopamān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sūrya + ratha + upama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समास: सूर्यस्य रथस्य उपमाः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; ‘comparable to the Sun’s chariot’)

Context

All the ministers and priests went ahead of Bharata mounting their chariots, harnessed with horses and resembling the chariot of the Sun god.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Ministers
• Priests
• Sūrya (Sun)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as orderly governance: ministers and priests precede the prince, symbolizing that statecraft and sacred counsel together guide public action in a righteous polity.

What is the narrative situation?

At the start of the march, the political and ritual leadership of Ayodhyā moves ahead of Bharata in a formal procession.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Institutional discipline and respect for counsel—Bharata’s undertaking is framed as guided by responsible advisors and priests.