Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.5 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 5

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

तथैव क्रोशतस्तस्य भरतस्य महात्मनः।कौसल्या शब्दमाज्ञाय सुमित्रामिदमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

tathaiva krośatas tasya bharatasya mahātmanaḥ | kausalyā śabdam ājñāya sumitrām idam abravīt ||

Translation

اسی طرح جب وہ مہاتما بھرت روتا اور فریاد کرتا رہا تو کوسلیا نے اس کی آواز پہچانی اور سُمِترا سے یہ بات کہی۔

Word by Word

• āgataḥ: has come
• āgataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āgata (कृदन्त; √gam ‘गम्’ with ā)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘bharataḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• krūra-kāryāyāḥ: of the cruel-deeded (woman)
• krūra-kāryāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krūra (प्रातिपदिक) + kāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘क्रूरा कार्याः यस्याः/या’ (woman of cruel deeds)

• kaikeyyāḥ: of Kaikeyī
• kaikeyyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• bharatas: Bharata
• bharatas: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (पदपाठे ‘भरतः’; संहितायां ‘भरतस्’ before sutaḥ)

• sutaḥ: son
• sutaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tam: him/that
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्यय (infinitive), ‘to see’

• icchāmi: I wish
• icchāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (इष्)
• Form: लट्, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• bharatam: Bharata
• bharatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘tam’ इत्यस्य अप्पोजिशन (apposition)

• dīrgha-darśinam: far-sighted
• dīrgha-darśinam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīrgha (प्रातिपदिक) + darśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—‘दीर्घं दर्शी’ (far-sighted)

Context

As magnanimous Bharata was wailing, Kausalya recognised his voice and said to Sumitra:

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kausalya
• Sumitra

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is implicit in familial responsiveness: elders recognize suffering and move to counsel and act appropriately within a crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s lament is heard; Kausalya identifies his voice and initiates a conversation with Sumitra, shifting the scene to maternal response.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kausalya’s attentiveness and maternal concern—she immediately recognizes Bharata’s distress and responds.