Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.35 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 35

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

अप्राप्य सदृशान् दाराननपत्यः प्रमीयताम्।अनवाप्य क्रियां धर्म्यां यस्याऽर्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

aprāpya sadṛśān dārān anapatyaḥ pramīyatām | anavāpya kriyāṃ dharmyāṃ yasyāryo ’numate gataḥ ||

Translation

جس کے اذن سے میرے شریف بھائی کو جلاوطن کیا گیا، وہ مرد لائق زوجہ پائے بغیر، بے اولاد ہی مرے، اور دھرم کو قائم رکھنے والے کوئی بھی دھارمک کرم انجام نہ دے سکے۔

Word by Word

• aprāpya: without obtaining
• aprāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-pra-āp (प्र-आप्, धातु) + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); ‘not having obtained’

• sadṛśān: suitable; worthy
• sadṛśān: Karmaviśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sadṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण of dārān

• dārān: wife/wives
• dārān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (pluralia tantum), द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• anapatyaḥ: childless
• anapatyaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: an-apatya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त विशेषण (without offspring)

• pramīyatām: let him die
• pramīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-mī (प्र-मी, धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; आज्ञार्थे/आशीर्लिङ्गार्थे ‘let him die’

• anavāpya: without performing/attaining
• anavāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-āp (अनु-आप्, धातु) + ya (ल्यप्) with negation
• Form: ल्यप्-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘not having attained/performed’

• kriyām: rite; religious act
• kriyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• dharmyām: righteous; prescribed by dharma
• dharmyām: Karmaviśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharmya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of kriyām

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• āryaḥ: the noble one
• āryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• anumate: with consent
• anumate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anumati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• gataḥ: gone; exiled
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम्, धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother die without winning a worthy wife and without begetting offspring and without performing religious deeds!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is sustained through responsible family life and dharmic actions; denial of these becomes a symbolic punishment for grave wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s grief turns into formalized curses that map wrongdoing to the loss of socially and religiously valued life-goals.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s reverence for dharmic life—marriage, progeny, and righteous rites as pillars of social order.