Valmiki Ramayana 2.75.33 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 33

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

अकर्ता ह्यकृतज्ञश्च त्यक्ताचाऽत्मा निरपत्रपः।लोके भवतु विद्विष्टो यस्यार्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

akartā hy akṛtajñaś ca tyaktācātmā nirapatrapaḥ | loke bhavatu vidviṣṭo yasyāryo ’numate gataḥ ||

Translation

جس کی رضامندی سے میرا شریف بھائی جلاوطن ہوا، وہ دنیا میں مبغوض ہو—ایسا کہ نہ کسی کا کام آئے، ناشکرا ہو، سُدھ آچار چھوڑ چکا ہو، اور بےحیا ہو۔

Word by Word

• akartā: one who does nothing (for others)
• akartā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: a-kartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गयुक्त (non-doer; one who does not help)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/बलार्थ (indeed/for)

• akṛtajñaḥ: ungrateful
• akṛtajñaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-kṛtajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-युक्त विशेषण

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• tyaktācātmā: one of abandoned conduct; self-abandoned
• tyaktācātmā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tyakta (त्यज् धातु + क्त) + ācāra (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास: ‘त्यक्त-आचारः आत्मा यस्य’ (one whose conduct/self is abandoned)

• nirapatrapaḥ: shameless
• nirapatrapaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nir-apatrapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• loke: in the world
• loke: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• bhavatu: may he become
• bhavatu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (भू, धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• vidviṣṭaḥ: hated
• vidviṣṭaḥ: Kartṛviśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-dviṣ (वि-द्विष्, धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त (Ppp) used adjectivally; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘hated’

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• āryaḥ: the noble one
• āryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• anumate: with consent
• anumate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anumati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• gataḥ: gone; exiled
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (गम्, धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

May the one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother be hated universally as one who never helps any one, who is ungrateful, shameless and as one who has committed the sin of suicide!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is linked to gratitude, modesty, and right conduct: society rightly condemns the ungrateful and shameless who undermine righteous order.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata continues his denunciation of those responsible for Rāma’s banishment, describing their moral defects.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s integrity: he upholds standards of ācāra (proper conduct) and rejects shameless opportunism.