Shloka 13

भरतस्य कैकेय्याः प्रति धिक्कारः

Bharata’s Rebuke of Kaikeyi and Affirmation of Ikshvaku Royal Dharma

Devanagari script

लुब्धाया विदितो मन्ये न तेऽहं राघवं प्रति।तथाह्यनर्धो राज्यार्थं त्वयाऽनीतो महानयम्।।।।

Transliteration

lubdhāyā vidito manye na te 'haṃ rāghavaṃ prati | tathā hy anartho rājyārthaṃ tvayā 'nīto mahān ayam || 2.73.13 ||

Translation

تیری حرص کے سبب، میرا گمان ہے کہ تُو رाघو کے لیے میری بھکتی کو نہیں سمجھتی؛ کیونکہ راج کے لالچ میں تُو نے یہ عظیم آفت برپا کر دی ہے۔

Word by Word

• lubdhāyāḥ: of the greedy one
• lubdhāyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lubdhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (f.), Ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti (6th/genitive), Ekavacana; adjective used substantively = 'of the greedy (woman)'

• viditaḥ: known
• viditaḥ: Karmaṇi-bhāva / Predicate (विशेष्य-विशेषणभाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vid (विद्, धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle (past passive participle), Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana; predicate adjective

• manye: I think
• manye: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √man (मन्, धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Ātmanepada, Uttama-puruṣa (1st person), Ekavacana

• na: not
• na: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-avyaya (negative particle)

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Dative recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (युष्मद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Dvitīyā-vibhakti (2nd/acc.) or Caturthī (4th/dat.) Ekavacana; here used as dative 'to you' (te = tubhyam)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (अस्मद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana

• rāghavam: Rāghava (Rama)
• rāghavam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (राघव, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (2nd/acc.), Ekavacana

• prati: towards; against
• prati: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (अव्यय)
• Form: Upasarga/avyaya used as postposition with accusative = 'towards/against/in regard to'

• tathā: thus; so
• tathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (kriyā-viśeṣaṇa)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha-bodhaka / Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (particle) expressing emphasis/indeed

• anarthaḥ: calamity; misfortune
• anarthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anartha (अनर्थ, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana

• rājya-artham: for the sake of the kingdom
• rājya-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (राज्य, प्रातिपदिक) + artha (अर्थ, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: rājñasya arthaḥ), Napuṃsakaliṅga (n.), Dvitīyā (2nd/acc.), Ekavacana; adverbial accusative of purpose

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument; agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (युष्मद्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Tṛtīyā (3rd/instr.), Ekavacana

• ānītaḥ: brought
• ānītaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (आ-नी, धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle (past passive participle) of ānī-, Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana; agrees with anarthaḥ

• mahān: great
• mahān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (महत्, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana; adjective of anarthaḥ

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (इदम्, सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā (1st/nom.), Ekavacana

Context

Being avaricious, you are, I think, unaware of my devotion to Rama. This great calamity has been brought about by you for (your greed for) the kingdom.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyī
• Rāghava (Rāma)
• kingdom (rājya)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Lobha (greed) corrupts judgment and produces adharma; dharma requires placing truth and rightful order above personal ambition.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata rejects the assumption that he benefits from Rāma’s exile and attributes the crisis to Kaikeyī’s desire for power.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s loyalty and satya toward Rāma—refusing complicity in an unjust gain.