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Shloka 79

शब्दवेध्य-अनर्थः, ऋषिशापः, दशरथस्य प्राणत्यागः

The Sound-Target Tragedy, the Sage’s Curse, and Dasaratha’s Death

यदा तु दीनं कथयन्नराधिपः प्रियस्य पुत्त्रस्य विवासनातुरः।गतेऽर्धरात्रे भृशदुःखपीडितस्तदा जहौ प्राणमुदारदर्शनः।।।।

yadā tu dīnaṃ kathayan narādhipaḥ priyasya putrasya vivāsanāturaḥ | gate 'rdharātre bhṛśaduḥkhapīḍitas tadā jahau prāṇam udāradarśanaḥ ||

جب لوگوں کے راجا نے اپنے پیارے بیٹے کی جلاوطنی سے بے قرار ہو کر نہایت دِین ہو کر نوحہ کیا، اور آدھی رات گزرنے پر شدید غم سے ستایا گیا، تب اُس عالی نظر، شریف النفس بادشاہ نے اپنی جان کی سانس چھوڑ دی۔

yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
FormKāla-avyaya (काल-अव्यय, temporal conjunction)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa/viśeṣa-nipāta (अवधारण/विशेष-निपात, particle)
dīnampitiably
dīnam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण) used as adverb; accusative neuter singular functioning adverbially
kathayanspeaking/telling
kathayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootkathay (धातु; denom. from kathā)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with narādhipaḥ
narādhipaḥthe king
narādhipaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (narāṇām adhipaḥ)
priyasyaof the beloved
priyasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifies putrasya
putrasyaof (his) son
putrasya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
vivāsana-āturaḥdistressed by the exile
vivāsana-āturaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvivāsana (प्रातिपदिक) + ātura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies narādhipaḥ; समासः तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः in sense (vivāsanena āturaḥ / vivāsanasya āturaḥ)
gatewhen (it) had passed
gate:
Kāla (काल)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
FormKta (क्त) past participle in locative absolute; Napumsaka, Saptamī, Ekavacana; with ardharātre
ardha-rātreat midnight
ardha-rātre:
Adhikaraṇa/Kāla (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeNoun
Rootardha (प्रातिपदिक) + rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; locative in locative absolute; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (rātryāḥ ardham)
bhṛśa-duḥkha-pīḍitaḥtormented by intense sorrow
bhṛśa-duḥkha-pīḍitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhṛśa (अव्यय) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + pīḍita (पीड्-धातोः क्त)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies narādhipaḥ/udāradarśanaḥ; समासः तत्पुरुषः (bhṛśaṃ duḥkham; tena pīḍitaḥ)
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
FormKāla-avyaya (temporal adverb)
jahaugave up
jahau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothā (धातु; √hā ‘to abandon’)
FormLiṭ (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
prāṇamlife-breath
prāṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
udāra-darśanaḥnoble in appearance/vision
udāra-darśanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootudāra (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies narādhipaḥ; कर्मधारयः (udāram darśanam yasya)

King Dasaratha, a man of noble vision and lord of men, anguished by the exile of his son, kept pitiably muttering till past midnight until tormented by an intense agony he breathed his last.ইত্যার্ষে শ্রীমদ্রামাযণে বাল্মীকীয আদিকাব্যে অযোধ্যাকাণ্ডে চতুষ্ষষ্টিতমস্সর্গঃ৷৷Thus ends the sixtyfourth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma

FAQs

It conveys the gravity of truth-bound vows and their human cost: Daśaratha’s earlier commitments lead to Rāma’s exile, and the king’s grief culminates in death—showing how dharma can be austere and consequential.

The narrator concludes the episode: Daśaratha continues lamenting until after midnight and then dies, overwhelmed by sorrow over Rāma’s exile.

Daśaratha is described as udāradarśana—noble in vision—suggesting an essentially dignified character despite fatal weakness under grief.