Shloka 23

तस्मात्त्वयाऽद्य प्रभृति निशेयं नियतात्मना।सह वध्वोपवस्तव्या दर्भप्रस्तरशायिना।।2.4.23।।

tasmāt tvayā ’dya prabhṛti niśeyaṃ niyatātmanā | saha vadhvopavastavyā darbhaprastaraśāyinā || 2.4.23 ||

اس لیے آج رات سے ہی، ضبطِ نفس کے ساتھ—اپنی زوجہ کے ہمراہ—تمہیں اُپواس رکھنا چاہیے اور دَربھ گھاس کی بچھائی پر سو جانا چاہیے۔

tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Hetu (हेतुः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottasmāt (अव्यय/तद्-शब्द)
Formतस्मात्-निपातवत् (therefore; ablative form used indeclinably)
tvayāby you
tvayā:
Kartr̥ (कर्ता/करणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन
adyatoday
adya:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadya (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय
prabhṛtifrom (now) onward
prabhṛti:
Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprabhṛti (अव्यय)
Formआरम्भार्थक-अव्यय (from ... onward)
niśānight
niśā:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniśā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
iyamthis
iyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; निर्देश-सर्वनाम
niyatātmanāwith self-restraint
niyatātmanā:
Karana (करणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootniyata (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थे (self-restrained), पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; विशेषण (of tvayā)
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakāraka (सहकारकः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
Formसह-अव्यय (with; governs instrumental)
vadhvāwith the wife (Sita)
vadhvā:
Sahakāraka (सहकारकः)
TypeNoun
Rootvadhū (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन
upavastavyāshould be spent fasting
upavastavyā:
Karya (कार्य/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa-vas (धातु) + tavya (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
Formतव्यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive: 'to be fasted/observed'), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय (predicate)
darbhaprastaraśāyināsleeping on a darbha-grass bed
darbhaprastaraśāyinā:
Karana (करणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootdarbha (प्रातिपदिक) + prastara (प्रातिपदिक) + śāyin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (darbha-prastara = bed of darbha; on that sleeping), पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; विशेषण (of tvayā)

Therefore, you and my daughter-in-law (Sita) should fast tonight and sleep on a bed of darbha or kusha grass with self-restraint.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma
S
Sītā
U
upavāsa (fasting)

FAQs

Dharma is supported by self-discipline and ritual purity: leadership is approached through restraint, not indulgence.

Preparations for the consecration begin; Daśaratha directs Rāma (and Sītā) to observe vows customary before a royal rite.

Rāma’s (and Sītā’s) tapas-like self-control—readiness to undertake austerity for a public duty.