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Shloka 20

सुमन्त्रस्य कैकेयी-निन्दा

Sumantra’s Reproof of Kaikeyi in the Royal Assembly

ततो जृम्भस्य शयने विरुताद्भूरिवर्चसः।पितुस्ते विदितो भाव स्स तत्र बहुधाऽहसत्।।2.35.20।।

tato jṛmbhasya śayane virutād bhūri-varcasaḥ |

pitus te vidito bhāvaḥ sa tatra bahudhā ahasat ||2.35.20||

پھر جَرمبھ کی نیند میں نکلنے والی آواز کے پاس، تمہارے والد—عظیم جلال و نور سے درخشاں—اس کا مقصود سمجھ گئے اور وہیں بار بار ہنس پڑے۔

तत्रthen/there
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देश/प्रसङ्गवाचक (there/at that time)
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
जननीmother
जननी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजननी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
क्रुद्धाangry
क्रुद्धा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जननी इति विशेषण
मृत्युपाशम्the noose of death
मृत्युपाशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु + पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (mṛtyoḥ pāśaḥ = noose of death)
अभीप्सतीseeking/desiring
अभीप्सती:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि + आप्/ईप्स् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जननी इति विशेषण
हासम्the laughter
हासम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नृपतेO king
नृपते:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (nṛṇāṃ patiḥ = king)
सौम्यO gentle one
सौम्य:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootसौम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नृपते इति विशेषण
जिज्ञासामिI wish to know
जिज्ञासामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद; desiderative stem (सन्) ‘to wish to know’
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative)
and
:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
अब्रवीत्said
अब्रवीत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Overcome with anger, charioteer Sumantra started shaking his head and sighing off and on, crushing his palms and grinding his teeth. His eyes turned red due to anger. Overcome with a sudden, ominous grief, the complexion of his face turned red. Sumantra understood the mind of Dasaratha. With sharp arrows of words as if piercing the heart of Kaikeyi, he denounced her in exceptionally harsh words which, like thunderbolt, cut her to the quick:

S
Sumantra
K
Kaikeyi
K
Kaikeyi's father (King of Kekaya)

FAQs

Knowledge and extraordinary gifts (boons) should be governed by restraint and wise conduct; otherwise they can trigger suspicion, conflict, and harm—testing one’s adherence to dharma.

Sumantra narrates an incident illustrating the boon: Kaikeyi’s father understands an animal/creature’s utterance and laughs, which becomes the seed of domestic discord.

Insight (prajñā): the king’s ability to discern meaning from sound—an exceptional capacity that must be ethically managed.