Shloka 42

सम्यग्योक्ता श्रेयसां च न विगृह्य कथारुचिः।।2.2.42।।उत्तरोत्तरयुक्तौ च वक्ता वाचस्पतिर्यथा।

samyagyoktā śreyasāṃ ca na vigṛhya kathāruciḥ | uttarottarayuktau ca vaktā vācaspatir yathā || 2.2.42 ||

وہ بھلائی کی بات درست طور پر کہتا ہے اور اختلاف پیدا کرنے والی گفتگو میں اسے کوئی رغبت نہیں؛ اور بلند تر سے بلند تر استدلال و مناظرہ میں وہ وाचسپتی (برہسپتی) کی مانند فصاحت سے کلام کرتا ہے۔

samyakproperly, rightly
samyak:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamyak (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
yoktāone who applies/engages (in)
yoktā:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Root√yuj (धातु)
FormAgent noun (तृन्/तार्-प्रत्यय; योक्ता), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
śreyasāmof beneficial things/the good
śreyasām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootśreyas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-निपात)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
vigṛhyahaving quarreled/causing dissension
vigṛhya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi√grah (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal (अव्ययभाव)
kathāruciḥfond of talk/disputation
kathāruciḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkathā + ruci (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘having taste for talk/disputation’ (here with na = ‘not fond’)
uttarottarayuktauin successive reasoning/debate
uttarottarayuktau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootuttara + uttara + yukti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) ‘successive replies/argumentation’
caand
ca:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-निपात)
vaktāspeaker, orator
vaktā:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Root√vac (धातु)
FormAgent noun (तृन्/तार्-प्रत्यय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
vācaspatīḥVācaspati (Bṛhaspati)
vācaspatīḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootvāc + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘lord of speech’ (Bṛhaspati)
yathāas/like
yathā:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; comparative particle (उपमार्थक)

He helps those who take refuge in him. He is not interested in conversation leading to dissentions. But during debates he is eloquent like Brihaspati (establing the truth on the basis of reasoning).

R
Rāma

FAQs

Dharma of speech: speak what is beneficial and true, avoid divisive quarrels, and use reasoned debate only to establish what is right.

Ministers highlight Rāma’s disciplined communication—peaceful in social life, powerful in principled deliberation.

Measured eloquence: restraint from harmful talk combined with authoritative reasoning when truth must be clarified.