Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 38

यौवराज्य-प्रस्तावः

Proposal for Rāma’s Installation as Heir-Apparent

सङ्ग्रामात्पुनरागम्य कुञ्जरेण रथेन वा।2.2.37।।पौरान् स्वजनवन्नित्यं कुशलं परिपृच्छति।।पुत्रेष्वग्निषु दारेषु प्रेष्यशिष्यगणेषु च।2.2.38।।निखिलेनानुपूर्व्याच्च पितापुत्रानिवौरसान्।।

saṅgrāmāt punar āgamya kuñjareṇa rathena vā || 2.2.37 ||

paurān svajanavan nityaṁ kuśalaṁ paripṛcchati |

putreṣv agniṣu dāreṣu preṣyaśiṣyagaṇeṣu ca || 2.2.38 ||

nikhilena anupūrvyā ca pitā putrān ivaurasān ||

جنگ سے لوٹ کر، خواہ ہاتھی پر ہو یا رتھ پر، وہ ہمیشہ شہریوں کی خیریت یوں پوچھتا ہے گویا وہ اس کے اپنے عزیز ہوں؛ پھر باقاعدہ ترتیب اور پوری تفصیل کے ساتھ ان کے بچوں، مقدس اگنیوں، بیویوں، اور خادموں و شاگردوں کے حال دریافت کرتا ہے، جیسے باپ اپنے سگے بیٹوں کا پوچھے۔

saṅgrāmātfrom the battle/battlefield
saṅgrāmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅgrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)
punaragain
punar:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunar (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
āgamyahaving returned/come back
āgamya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā√gam (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal (अव्ययभाव)
kuñjareṇaby/with an elephant (mounted on an elephant)
kuñjareṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkuñjara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
rathenaby/with a chariot
rathena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
or
:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक-निपात)
paurānthe citizens
paurān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpaura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
svajanavatlike (his) own people/kinsmen
svajanavat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvajana + vat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdjectival indeclinable-like form in -vat; used as manner-comparison (वत्-प्रत्ययान्त, क्रियाविशेषणवत् प्रयोग)
nityamalways
nityam:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; adverbial accusative (नित्यं = सदा)
kuśalamwelfare, well-being
kuśalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkuśala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
paripṛcchatiasks/enquires
paripṛcchati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari√prach (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
putreṣuwith regard to (their) sons/children
putreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
agniṣuin/with regard to (their) sacred fires
agniṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
dāreṣuwith regard to (their) wives
dāreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग; pluralia tantum), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
preṣyaśiṣyagaṇeṣuamong the groups of servants and disciples
preṣyaśiṣyagaṇeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpreṣya + śiṣya + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); compound: itaretara-dvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व) ‘servants and disciples (as groups)’
caand
ca:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-निपात)
nikhilenacompletely, in detail
nikhilena:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnikhila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental used adverbially (तृतीया-अव्ययीभावार्थ), Neuter/masc instr. sg. sense: ‘in entirety/in detail’
anupūrvyāby proper order/sequence
anupūrvyā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootanupūrvī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha/Particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-निपात)
pitāa father
pitā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
putrānsons
putrān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; comparative particle (उपमार्थक-निपात)
aurasānborn of one’s own body; own (sons)
aurasān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootaurasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying paurān (understood)

While returning from the battlefield, either on a chariot or an elephant Rama stops and enquires in detail and in order, the welfare of the citizens as he would do for his kith and kin. He enquires about the welfare of their children, sacred rituals, wives, their servants and disciples as a father would enquire of his sons.

R
Rāma
C
citizens (paurāḥ)
E
elephant (kuñjara)
C
chariot (ratha)
S
sacred fires (agni)

FAQs

Rajadharma is parental care: a righteous ruler treats citizens as family, actively checking their welfare—material, domestic, and ritual—rather than ruling from distance.

After military engagements, Rāma’s conduct toward the townspeople is described: he personally enquires about their well-being in an orderly, attentive manner.

Empathetic responsibility—his leadership is expressed as intimate concern and respectful attentiveness to every household’s condition.