Valmiki Ramayana 2.104.1 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 104, Shloka 1

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य धर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Dharma-Reasoning

Devanagari script

तं तु राम स्समाश्वास्य भ्रातरं गुरवत्सलम्।लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा प्रष्टुं समुपचक्रमे।।।।

Transliteration

taṁ tu rāmaḥ samāśvāsya bhrātaraṁ guruvatsalam |

lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā praṣṭuṁ samupacakrame ||2.104.1||

Translation

پھر رام نے اُس بھائی—بھرت، جو بزرگوں سے گہری عقیدت رکھتا تھا—کو تسلی دی؛ اور لکشمن کے ساتھ مل کر، اپنے بھائی کے ساتھ، اس سے پوچھ گچھ شروع کی۔

Word by Word

• tam: him (Bharata)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• samāśvāsya: having consoled
• samāśvāsya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-śvas (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘सम्-आ-√श्वस्’ = ‘आश्वास्य/सान्त्वयित्वा’ (having consoled)

• bhrātaram: brother
• bhrātaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• guru-vatsalam: devoted to elders
• guru-vatsalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guru + vatsala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (गुरुषु वत्सलः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘भ्रातरम्’ इति विशेषणम्

• lakṣmaṇena: with Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇena: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-अव्यय (postposition: ‘with’)

• bhrātrā: with (his) brother
• bhrātrā: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; सहार्थे (with his brother)

• praṣṭum: to ask
• praṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prach (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्ययभाव; ‘√प्रच्छ्’ = ‘प्रश्नं कर्तुम्’

• samupacakrame: began, commenced
• samupacakrame: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-upa-kram (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Context

Rama with his brother Lakshmana having consoled Bharata who is ever devoted to elders began to question:

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Bharata
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassionate speech and orderly counsel: before inquiry or decision, Rāma first steadies Bharata emotionally.

What is the narrative situation?

A transition into dialogue: Rāma, with Lakṣmaṇa, prepares to question Bharata after consoling him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s empathetic leadership and Bharata’s guruvātsalya (reverence toward elders).