Valmiki Ramayana 2.100.68 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 100, Shloka 68
शततमः सर्गः — Rāma Questions Bharata on Rājadharma
Governance, Counsel, and Public Welfare
दशपञ्चचतुर्वर्गान्सप्तवर्गं च तत्त्वतः।अष्टवर्गं त्रिवर्गं च विद्यास्तिस्रश्च राघव।।।।इन्द्रियाणां जयं बुद्ध्या षाड्गुण्यं दैवमानुषम्।कृत्यं विंशतिवर्गं च तथा प्रकृतिमण्डलम्।।।।यात्रादण्डविधानं च द्वियोनी सन्धिविग्रहौ।कच्चिदेतान्महाप्राज्ञ यथावदनुमन्यसे।।।।
daśapañcacaturvargān saptavargaṃ ca tattvataḥ | aṣṭavargaṃ trivargaṃ ca vidyās tisraś ca rāghava ||
indriyāṇāṃ jayaṃ buddhyā ṣāḍguṇyaṃ daivamānuṣam | kṛtyaṃ viṃśativargaṃ ca tathā prakṛtimaṇḍalam ||
yātrādaṇḍavidhānaṃ ca dviyonī sandhivigrahau | kaccid etān mahāprājña yathāvad anumanyase ||
اے راگھو، اے مہاپراج्ञ! کیا تم سیاست و آدابِ سلطنت کے ان اصولی مجموعوں کو اُن کے حقیقی معنی کے ساتھ درست طور پر سمجھتے اور برتتے ہو—دس گانہ، پانچ گانہ اور چار گانہ تقسیمیں؛ سات گانہ، آٹھ گانہ اور تین گانہ مجموعے؛ ودیا کی تین شاخیں؛ عقل کے ذریعے حواس پر فتح؛ چھ گُنی پالیسی؛ دیوی و انسانی سبب سے پیدا ہونے والی آفتیں؛ ‘کرتیہ’ کہلانے والے فرائض؛ بیس گانہ درجہ بندی؛ پرکرتی منڈل اور منڈلوں کا دائرہ؛ یاترا اور دَण्ड کے قواعد؛ اور صلح و جنگ کے دو راستے—سَندھی اور وِگْرہ؟
I trust you eschew the fourteen faults of kings, like atheism, falsehood, anger, inattention, procrastination, evading the wise, indolence, gratification of all five senses, planning alone in the affairs of the kingdom, consultation with people who are proficient in worthless acts, failure to implement decisious, inability to keep the counsel secret and omission of auspicious practices and setting out against all the enemies at a time.
FAQs
Dharma in governance is informed competence: a ruler must master recognized disciplines of polity, self-control, punishment, diplomacy, and war—so power is exercised responsibly and truthfully.
The speaker tests Bharata’s training in classical statecraft categories—diplomacy, punishment, expeditions, and control of the senses—expected of a king.
Practical wisdom (mahāprājñatā): disciplined intellect applied to ethics, administration, and strategy.
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