Shloka 19

The Destruction of Dakṣa’s Sacrifice

Devanagari script

एकोनपंचाशत्केन गणेन परिवारितः । यज्ञे प्रजापतिश्चासौ वायुर्देवःसमागतः

Transliteration

ekonapaṃcāśatkena gaṇena parivāritaḥ | yajñe prajāpatiścāsau vāyurdevaḥsamāgataḥ

Translation

انچاس (۴۹) کے جتھے سے گھرا ہوا، وہ پرجاپتی—دیوتا وایو—یَجْن میں آ پہنچا۔

Word by Word

• एकोनपञ्चाशत्केन: by (a group of) forty-nine
• एकोनपञ्चाशत्केन: Instrument/Association (साधन/सह)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक + ऊन + पञ्चाशत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (संख्याशब्द-समूह), तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (एकोनपञ्चाशत् = 49)

• गणेन: by a troop/group
• गणेन: Instrument (साधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• परिवारितः: was surrounded
• परिवारितः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकालिक क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि (surrounded)

• यज्ञे: at the sacrifice
• यज्ञे: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• प्रजापतिः: Prajāpati (lord of creatures)
• प्रजापतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (प्रजानां पतिः)

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक निपात

• असौ: that one
• असौ: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; दूरवाचक सर्वनाम

• वायुः: Vāyu (wind-god)
• वायुः: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• समागतः: has come/assembled
• समागतः: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकालिक क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तरि

Speaker

Narrator (contextual; specific dialogue speaker not explicit in this single verse)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: एकोनपंचाशत्केन→एकोनपञ्चाशत्केन; प्रजापतिश्चासौ→प्रजापतिः च असौ; वायुर्देवःसमागतः→वायुः देवः समागतः।

Characters & Entities

• Prajāpati
• Vāyu

FAQs

Who is identified as Prajāpati in this verse?

The verse explicitly calls Vāyu (the wind-god) a Prajāpati, i.e., a progenitor/lord connected with creation and ordering of beings.

What is the significance of Vāyu arriving at the yajña?

It presents Vāyu as an important divine participant in sacrificial cosmology, where deities assemble to sustain cosmic order through yajña.

What ethical or spiritual lesson is implied by the image of being “surrounded by a gaṇa”?

It underscores ordered cooperation and disciplined accompaniment—power is portrayed as functioning within a structured collective rather than in isolation.