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Shloka 31

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

जलं गंडूषमात्रं तु पीत्वा पूतो भवेन्नरः । विशेषात्कुशसंसर्गात्पीयूषादधिकं जलम्

jalaṃ gaṃḍūṣamātraṃ tu pītvā pūto bhavennaraḥ | viśeṣātkuśasaṃsargātpīyūṣādadhikaṃ jalam

صرف ایک گنڈوش، یعنی منہ بھر پانی پی لینے سے انسان پاک ہو جاتا ہے۔ خصوصاً وہ پانی جو کُشہ گھاس کے لمس سے گزرا ہو؛ ایسا پانی امرت سے بھی بڑھ کر مانا گیا ہے۔

जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; Accusative singular
गण्डूष-मात्रम्only a mouthful (measure)
गण्डूष-मात्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootगण्डूष (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘only a mouthful’; agrees with जलम्
तुindeed
तु:
Discourse particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात (indeed)
पीत्वाhaving drunk
पीत्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive) ‘having drunk’
पूतःpurified
पूतः:
Predicate/Complement (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पू (धातु) क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; past participle used adjectivally
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; Nominative singular
विशेषात्especially
विशेषात्:
Modifier (विशेषणभाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत्/तसिल्-प्रयोग (ablatival adverb) ‘especially’ (lit. ‘from distinction’)
कुश-संसर्गात्from contact with kuśa grass
कुश-संसर्गात्:
Apadana/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootकुश (प्रातिपदिक) + संसर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘contact with kuśa’; Ablative singular (cause/source)
पीयूषात्than nectar
पीयूषात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootपीयूष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी एकवचन; Ablative singular (comparison point)
अधिकम्more (excellent)
अधिकम्:
Predicate/Complement (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; comparative sense ‘more/superior’; agrees with जलम्
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karta/Topic (कर्ता/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootजल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; here as subject/predicate-noun in nominal sentence

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses of Adhyāya 49).

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: भवेन्नरः = भवेत् + नरः; विशेषात्कुशसंसर्गात् = विशेषात् + कुशसंसर्गात्; संसर्गात्पीयूषात् = संसर्गात् + पीयूषात्.

K
Kuśa

FAQs

It reflects the Purāṇic/Vedic idea that water is intrinsically purifying (śuddhi-kara) and that even minimal intake, when done with the intention of cleanliness and ritual propriety, is spiritually efficacious.

Kuśa (a sacred grass used in rites) is traditionally regarded as ritually pure and protective; contact with kuśa is said to enhance the sanctity of water used for sipping (ācamana), offerings, and purification acts.

It emphasizes maintaining personal and ritual purity through simple, accessible means—valuing disciplined cleanliness and mindful practice rather than relying only on rare or extraordinary substances.