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Shloka 41

Puṣkara Sacrifice: Gāyatrī’s Marriage, Sāvitrī’s Wrath, Rudra’s Test, and the Tīrtha-Māhātmya

कथं होमोत्र क्रियते कपाले सदसि स्थिते । कपालांतान्यशौचानि पुरा प्राह प्रजापतिः

kathaṃ homotra kriyate kapāle sadasi sthite | kapālāṃtānyaśaucāni purā prāha prajāpatiḥ

مجلس میں بیٹھے ہوئے کھوپڑی میں ہوم کیسے کیا جا سکتا ہے؟ قدیم زمانے میں پرجاپتی نے فرمایا تھا کہ کھوپڑی سے متعلق (کپالانت) چیزیں ناپاک ہیں۔

kathamHow
katham:
None
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (कथम्)
FormInterrogative Adverb
homaḥSacrifice/Homa
homaḥ:
Karma (Object of Passive Verb)
TypeNoun
Roothoma (होम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
atraHere
atra:
Adhikarana (Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अत्र)
FormAdverb of Place
kriyateIs performed
kriyate:
Kriya (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ)
FormLat (Present), Passive (Karmani), 3rd Person, Singular
kapāleWhen a skull
kapāle:
Bhavalakshana (Locative Absolute)
TypeNoun
Rootkapāla (कपाल)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
sadasiIn the assembly
sadasi:
Adhikarana (Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsadas (सदस्)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
sthiteIs present/situated
sthite:
Bhavalakshana (Locative Absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (स्था)
FormPast Participle, Neuter, Locative, Singular
kapālāntāniEnding with the skull
kapālāntāni:
Visheshana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootkapālānta (कपालान्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural. (Ending with the skull)
aśaucāniImpurities
aśaucāni:
Karma (Object of prāha)
TypeNoun
Rootaśauca (अशौच)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
purāIn ancient times
purā:
Kala (Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (पुरा)
FormAdverb of Time
prāhaSaid/Declared
prāha:
Kriya (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (ब्रू - substitute ah)
FormLit (Perfect), Active, 3rd Person, Singular
prajāpatiḥLord of Creatures (Brahma)
prajāpatiḥ:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootprajāpati (प्रजापति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

Unspecified (narrative/quoted doctrinal statement attributed to Prajāpati)

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Sandhi Resolution Notes: homotra = homaḥ + atra (Visarga to o + Avagraha); kapālāṃtānyaśaucāni = kapālāntāni + aśaucāni (Yan Sandhi)

P
Prajāpati

FAQs

It questions the propriety of performing a homa (fire-offering) using a kapāla (skull vessel), especially in a formal setting like an assembly, and frames it as a problem of ritual purity (śauca).

The verse attributes to Prajāpati the rule that items made from or characterized by a skull (kapāla-antāni) are aśauca—ritually impure—thus unsuitable for orthodox sacrificial contexts.

The passage emphasizes discernment in religious practice: sacred rites should be performed with appropriate materials and within standards of purity and social-religious decorum.