Shloka 44

Account of Kāmākṣā (Bhavānī) at Āhicchatrā

Devanagari script

यत्र वीरा धनुर्हस्ताःशरसंधानकोविदाः । कुर्वंति तत्र राजानं सुहृष्टं सुमदाभिधम्

Transliteration

yatra vīrā dhanurhastāḥśarasaṃdhānakovidāḥ | kurvaṃti tatra rājānaṃ suhṛṣṭaṃ sumadābhidham

Translation

جہاں کمان ہاتھ میں لیے بہادر تھے، جو تیر کو کمان کی ڈوری پر چڑھانے میں ماہر تھے؛ وہیں انہوں نے خوش دل بادشاہ کو ‘سُمَد’ کے نام سے معروف کیا۔

Word by Word

• yatra: where
• yatra: Adhikaraṇa (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्बन्ध-अव्यय (relative adverb) ‘यत्र’ (where)

• vīrāḥ: heroes, warriors
• vīrāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• dhanur-hastāḥ: having bows in their hands
• dhanur-hastāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhanus (प्रातिपदिक) + hasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—बहुव्रीहि ‘धनुः हस्ते येषां ते’ (having bows in hand)

• śara-saṃdhāna-kovidāḥ: skilled in setting/aiming arrows
• śara-saṃdhāna-kovidāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃdhāna (प्रातिपदिक) + kovida (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष ‘शर-संधाने कोविदाः’ (skilled in fitting/aiming arrows)

• kurvanti: they make
• kurvanti: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place) ‘there’

• rājānam: the king
• rājānam: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• su-hṛṣṭam: very delighted
• su-hṛṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + hṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), √hṛṣ (धातु) ‘हृष्ट’ = delighted; ‘सु’ उपसर्गेण तीव्रता

• su-mada-abhidham: named Sumada
• su-mada-abhidham: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su (अव्यय) + mada (प्रातिपदिक) + abhidhā (धातु) → abhidha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष ‘सुमद इति अभिधा यस्य’ (named Sumada)

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative voice within the Pātāla-khaṇḍa dialogue context)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kṣātra excellence—skill, readiness, and collective assent—supports stable kingship; joy (suhṛṣṭa) arises from righteous order and protection.

Application: Cultivate competence before authority: train steadily, act with restraint, and accept leadership as service rather than ego.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A line of heroes stands in a ceremonial courtyard, bows raised, fingers poised as they fit arrows with effortless precision. In the center, a newly enthroned King Sumada smiles with restrained pride, garlanded and anointed, while banners ripple above and armored guards salute in unison.","primary_figures":["King Sumada","archer-heroes","court attendants"],"setting":"royal courtyard at the edge of a jeweled city; throne dais with banners, weapon racks, and ritual vessels for coronation","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["vermillion","antique gold","steel gray","deep indigo","sandalwood beige"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: coronation courtyard with King Sumada on a gemmed throne, archers holding bows and nocking arrows, gold leaf on crown, throne, and borders, rich reds/greens, heavy jewelry, symmetrical composition with traditional South Indian iconographic ornamentation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: elegant archers in refined profiles, delicate brushwork showing bowstrings and arrow fletching, cool yet regal palette, layered palace terraces, fluttering pennants, subtle expressions of disciplined joy on the king’s face.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines of archers with stylized musculature, King Sumada enthroned with large expressive eyes, flat decorative palace backdrop, dominant reds/yellows/greens with blue accents, rhythmic repetition of bows creating visual cadence.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: regal court scene framed by ornate floral borders, repeating bow-and-arrow motifs like a pattern, deep blues and gold, ceremonial garlands and lamps, peacocks perched on parapets to heighten festivity."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["conch shell","drums (dundubhi)","banner flapping","crowd murmur"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: dhanurhastāḥśarasaṃdhānakovidāḥ = dhanur-hastāḥ śara-saṃdhāna-kovidāḥ (पदच्छेद); sumadābhidham = su-mada-abhidham (समास/सन्धि).

Characters & Entities

• Sumada

FAQs

Who is appointed king in this verse?

The verse states that the warriors made (appointed) a king named Sumada, who was pleased/delighted.

What quality of the warriors is highlighted here?

They are described as bow-in-hand heroes skilled in śara-saṃdhāna—expertly setting arrows, i.e., proficient in archery and martial readiness.

What ethical or political idea does the verse suggest about kingship?

It implies that capable protectors (trained warriors) can establish rulership, emphasizing competence and martial responsibility as supports of legitimate kingship.