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Shloka 1

The Greatness of Puruṣottama

Goloka-tattva and Rādhā–Kṛṣṇa Upāsanā

Devanagari script

वसुरुवाच । योऽसौ निरंजनो देवश्चित्स्वरूपी जनार्दनः । ज्योतीरूपो महाभागे कृष्णस्तल्लक्षणं श्रृणु ॥ १ ॥

Transliteration

vasuruvāca | yo'sau niraṃjano devaścitsvarūpī janārdanaḥ | jyotīrūpo mahābhāge kṛṣṇastallakṣaṇaṃ śrṛṇu || 1 ||

Translation

وسو نے کہا—وہ بے داغ دیو جناردن، جس کی حقیقت خالص شعور ہے اور جو نورِ الٰہی کی صورت ہے؛ اے خوش نصیب! وہی کرشن ہے—اس کی نشانیاں سنو۔

Word by Word
वसुःVasu
वसुः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन — 'said'
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — relative pronoun
असौthat (one)
असौ:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, in apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — demonstrative
निरञ्जनःstainless
निरञ्जनः:
विशेषण (Adjectival to Janārdana/Kṛṣṇa)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन — 'stainless'
देवःgod
देवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
चित्स्वरूपीof the nature of consciousness
चित्स्वरूपी:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित् + स्वरूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (चित्-स्वरूपी = 'whose nature is consciousness'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
जनार्दनःJanārdana (Viṣṇu)
जनार्दनः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
ज्योतीरूपःlight-formed
ज्योतीरूपः:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्योतिस् + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (ज्योतिस्-रूप = 'having the form of light'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
महाभागेO fortunate lady
महाभागे:
सम्बोधन (Vocative/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (महान् भागः यस्य); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन — addressing Mohinī
कृष्णःKṛṣṇa
कृष्णः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject, apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन — 'that' (qualifying lakṣaṇam)
लक्षणम्characteristic/mark
लक्षणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
शृणुhear
शृणु:
क्रिया (Imperative to listener)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन — 'hear'
Speaker

Vasu

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities
J
Janardana
K
Krishna

FAQs

It frames Kṛṣṇa/Janārdana as the transcendent reality—stainless (nirañjana), consciousness itself (cit-svarūpa), and luminous (jyotī-rūpa)—so devotion and contemplation are directed to the highest, impurity-free Brahman-like Lord.

Bhakti here begins with right recognition: the devotee is asked to “hear the lakṣaṇa” of Kṛṣṇa, understanding him as Janārdana beyond material taint; such knowledge stabilizes devotion from mere sentiment into God-centered remembrance and worship.

The verse uses the idea of lakṣaṇa (definition/characteristic marks), a key analytical method emphasized in śāstra study and supported by Vyākaraṇa (grammar/precise meaning) to grasp exact theological terms like nirañjana and cit-svarūpa.

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