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Shloka 39

Dharmāṅgada’s Discourse (Dharmāṅgadopadeśa) in the Mohinī Episode

दुर्लभः जाह्नवीतोयं दुर्लभा जननी क्षितौ । दुर्लभं हि कुले जन्म दुर्लभा वंशजा प्रिया ॥ ३९ ॥

durlabhaḥ jāhnavītoyaṃ durlabhā jananī kṣitau | durlabhaṃ hi kule janma durlabhā vaṃśajā priyā || 39 ||

جاہنوی (گنگا) کا پانی دشوارالُحصول ہے، اور زمین پر ماں بھی دشوارالُحصول ہے۔ اچھے کُلے میں جنم بھی دشوارالُحصول ہے، اور نیک خاندان کی جنمی ہوئی محبوبہ بیوی بھی دشوارالُحصول ہے۔

durlabhaḥrare
durlabhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootdurlabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
jāhnavī-toyamwater of the Ganga
jāhnavī-toyam:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjāhnavī (प्रातिपदिक) + toya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुंसक), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa ‘jāhnavyāḥ toyam’ (water of the Jāhnavī/Gaṅgā)
durlabhārare
durlabhā:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootdurlabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
jananīmother
jananī:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjananī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
kṣitauon earth
kṣitau:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣiti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/सप्तमी), Ekavacana
durlabhamrare
durlabham:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootdurlabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā vibhakti (Nom/Acc), Ekavacana; here predicative with ‘janma’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormNipāta/particle (निपात), emphasis/indeed
kulein a family/lineage
kule:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī vibhakti (Locative/सप्तमी), Ekavacana
janmabirth
janma:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjanman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana
durlabhārare
durlabhā:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootdurlabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
vaṃśa-jāborn in a good lineage
vaṃśa-jā:
Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootvaṃśa (प्रातिपदिक) + jā (प्रातिपदिक; from √jan)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa ‘vaṃśāt jātā’ (born in a lineage)
priyābeloved (wife/dear one)
priyā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

Narada (teaching within Uttara-Bhaga tirtha-mahatmya narration; traditional dialogue frame with sages)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

G
Ganga
J
Jahnavi

FAQs

It emphasizes four rare blessings—Gaṅgā’s sacred water, a mother, noble birth, and a virtuous spouse—highlighting gratitude, dharma, and the exceptional merit (puṇya) associated with tirthas like the Jāhnavī.

By calling Gaṅgā-water “rare,” the verse points to sacred contact that supports purification and steady devotional practice—tirtha-sevā, snāna, and remembrance—helping a devotee orient life’s rare gifts toward Viṣṇu-bhakti and dharmic living.

It most directly reflects Dharmaśāstra-oriented practical wisdom: valuing auspicious life-conditions for sādhana (good birth and household supports). No specific technical Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught in this verse, though it aligns with ritual culture around tirtha-snānā and purity.