Shloka 42

Dialogue of Father and Son (Pitṛputra-saṃvāda) — Mohinī Episode

Devanagari script

सोऽहं पुत्र कृतार्थस्तु कृतः सद्गुणवर्त्मना । त्वया साधयता भूपान्यथा हरिदिनं शुभम् ॥ ४२ ॥

Transliteration

so'haṃ putra kṛtārthastu kṛtaḥ sadguṇavartmanā | tvayā sādhayatā bhūpānyathā haridinaṃ śubham || 42 ||

Translation

اے بیٹے، میں کِرتارتھ ہو گیا—تم نے سَدگُنوں کے راستے سے مجھے کامیاب کیا۔ تم نے بادشاہوں کو بھی کمال تک پہنچایا اور ہری کے مقدس دن کی مبارک پابندی بھی قائم کی۔

Word by Word

• सः: he (I)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पुत्र: O son
• पुत्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन

• कृतार्थः: fulfilled, successful
• कृतार्थः: Visheshya (विशेष्य/Predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (कृतः अर्थः यस्य/अर्थः कृतः) अर्थे; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वय (contrast/emphasis)

• कृतः: made (to be)
• कृतः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + क्त → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘made’ (predicate)

• सद्-गुण-वर्त्मना: by the path of good qualities
• सद्-गुण-वर्त्मना: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्त्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘सद्गुणानां वर्त्म’ (path of virtues); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• साधयता: by (you) accomplishing
• साधयता: Karana (करण/Instrumental attendant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: साधयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; साध्/साधय् धातु, शतृ)
• Form: वर्तमानकर्तरि कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘while accomplishing’

• भूपान्: kings
• भूपान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• यथा: as/just as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (comparative/illustrative adverb)

• हरि-दिनम्: day by day (for Hari)
• हरि-दिनम्: Kala (काल/Time adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक) + दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव समास: ‘हरेः दिनम्’ → ‘हरिदिनम्’ (daily for Hari/each day); अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (adverbial)

• शुभम्: auspicious(ly)
• शुभम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial accusative) ‘auspiciously’

Speaker

A senior figure addressing his son (contextual voice within the Adhyaya’s narrative; exact named speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Hari-dina (unspecified Viṣṇu sacred day)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Hari

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It praises a virtue-based life (sadguṇa-vartman) that uplifts both the teacher/elder and society, showing that guiding others—especially rulers—toward dharma and Vishnu-oriented observances is itself a spiritually fulfilling achievement.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti appears here as practical devotion: establishing “Hari’s day” (hari-dina) as an auspicious religious observance, indicating that devotion is expressed through regular vrata-like discipline and encouraging others to honor Vishnu.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught directly; the practical takeaway is dharma-nīti—training leaders in ethical conduct and vrata-observance aligned with Vishnu worship.