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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 55

The Exposition of the Saptamī Vow Observed Across Twelve Months

Saptamī-vrata-prakāśana

मार्तंडाख्यं व्रतं नाम कथयंति द्विजाः परे । एकमेवेति च प्रोक्तमेकदैवतया बुधैः ॥ ५५ ॥

mārtaṃḍākhyaṃ vrataṃ nāma kathayaṃti dvijāḥ pare | ekameveti ca proktamekadaivatayā budhaiḥ || 55 ||

کچھ دوسرے عالم دْوِج ‘مارتنڈ’ نامی ورت بیان کرتے ہیں۔ دانا اسے ‘ایک ہی’ کہتے ہیں، کیونکہ یہ ایک ہی دیوتا کو مرکز بنا کر ادا کیا جاتا ہے۔

मार्तण्डाख्यम्called ‘Mārtaṇḍa’
मार्तण्डाख्यम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier of व्रतम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमार्तण्ड + आख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; समास: मार्तण्ड-आख्य = ‘named Mārtaṇḍa (Sun)’
व्रतम्vow
व्रतम्:
कर्म (Object of ‘call’)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
नामby name/indeed
नाम:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; नाम-निपात (quotative/‘by name’)
कथयन्तिcall/describe
कथयन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकथय् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
द्विजाःtwice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन
परेothers
परे:
कर्ता (Apposition to द्विजाः)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; adjective used substantively ‘others’
एकम्one
एकम्:
कर्म/उक्तिविषय (Quoted content)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; used in quotation ‘one (only)’
एवonly
एव:
निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)
इतिthus
इति:
उक्तिसूचक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उद्धरण-निपात (quotative marker)
and
:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
प्रोक्तम्is said
प्रोक्तम्:
क्रिया (Predicate—passive)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + वच् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘has been said’
एकदैवतयाby the doctrine of one deity
एकदैवतया:
करण/हेतु (Instrument/Reason)
TypeNoun
Rootएक + दैवत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धित (तल्/ता) ‘-tā’; समास: एक-दैवत-ता = ‘oneness of deity/single-deity principle’
बुधैःby the wise
बुधैः:
कर्ता (Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootबुध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन

Narada (teaching in the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue context)

Vrata: Mārtaṇḍa-vrata (alternate naming/tradition)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

M
Martanda (Surya)

FAQs

It highlights a key rule of vrata-dharma: an observance becomes spiritually coherent and effective when it is performed with ekadaivata—exclusive focus on one chosen deity—here identified as Mārtaṇḍa (the Sun).

By stressing ‘one deity’ (ekadaivata), the verse points to single-pointed devotion and steadiness of worship, a bhakti principle where the mind is not scattered among multiple objects during a vow.

It reflects ritual discipline (kalpa-oriented practice): defining a vrata by its devatā-niyama (fixed presiding deity) is a practical rule for correct performance and consistent results.