Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 80

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

Devanagari script

माघशुक्लचतुर्थ्यां तु गौरीव्रतमनुत्तमम् । तस्यां तु गौरी संपूज्या संयुक्ता योगिनीगणैः ॥ ८० ॥

Transliteration

māghaśuklacaturthyāṃ tu gaurīvratamanuttamam | tasyāṃ tu gaurī saṃpūjyā saṃyuktā yoginīgaṇaiḥ || 80 ||

Translation

ماہِ ماغھ کے شُکل پکش کی چَتُرتھی کو بے مثال ‘گوری ورت’ ہوتا ہے۔ اُس پاک تِتھی میں یوگنیوں کے جُھنڈ کے ساتھ دیوی گوری کی باقاعدہ پوجا کرنی چاہیے۔

Word by Word

• माघ-शुक्ल-चतुर्थ्याम्: on the 4th (tithi) of the bright fortnight of Māgha
• माघ-शुक्ल-चतुर्थ्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माघ (प्रातिपदिक) + शुक्ल (प्रातिपदिक) + चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; काल-निर्देशे अधिकरणम् (locative of time)

• तु: indeed/and
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक (emphatic/contrastive)

• गौरी-व्रतम्: the Gaurī-vow (Gaurīvrata)
• गौरी-व्रतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौरी (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; कर्म/विषय-निर्देश (object/topic)

• अनुत्तमम्: unsurpassed, excellent
• अनुत्तमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier) गौरीव्रतम्-विशेषणम्

• तस्याम्: on that (day)
• तस्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम; अधिकरणम् (locative: ‘on that (day/tithi)’)

• तु: and/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• गौरी: Gaurī (Pārvatī)
• गौरी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गौरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृपद/उद्देश्य (subject/topic)

• सम्पूज्या: should be duly worshipped
• सम्पूज्या: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + पूज् (धातु) → सम्पूज्य (कृदन्त, -य-प्रत्यय; भाव्य/कर्तव्य)
• Form: कृदन्त-विशेषणम्; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-कर्तव्यता (gerundive: ‘to be worshipped’)

• संयुक्ता: accompanied, joined
• संयुक्ता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + युज् (धातु) → संयुक्त (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय; भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गौरी-विशेषणम्; क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle: ‘joined/attended’)

• योगिनी-गणैः: with groups of yoginīs
• योगिनी-गणैः: Sahakarana (सहकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगिनी (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; सहकारक/सहयोग (instrumental of accompaniment)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Gaurī-vrata

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Gauri
• Yoginis
• Magha
• Shukla Chaturthi

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It fixes an auspicious sacred time (Māgha Śukla Caturthī) for undertaking Gaurī-vrata and teaches that worship of Gaurī, as the divine power attended by Yoginīs, is a complete and highly meritorious observance.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed through vrata and pūjā—loving, disciplined worship of the Goddess on a prescribed tithi—showing devotion as regular, time-bound service performed with reverence.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It uses calendrical/tithi-based ritual timing (Jyotiṣa/astronomical reckoning of Māgha, Śukla pakṣa, and Caturthī) to prescribe when the vow and worship should be performed.