Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 47

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

Devanagari script

ततश्चंद्रोदये रात्रौ दत्त्वार्घं विधिपूर्वकम् । भुञ्जीत मिष्टमन्नं च व्रतस्य परिपूर्तये ॥ ४७ ॥

Transliteration

tataścaṃdrodaye rātrau dattvārghaṃ vidhipūrvakam | bhuñjīta miṣṭamannaṃ ca vratasya paripūrtaye || 47 ||

Translation

پھر رات میں چاند نکلنے پر مقررہ طریقے سے اَرجھ (ارغیہ) پیش کرے، اور ورت کی تکمیل کے لیے میٹھا کھانا تناول کرے۔

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: अव्यय, अपादान/अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter/from that time)

• चन्द्र-उदये: at moonrise
• चन्द्र-उदये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र + उदय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (चन्द्रस्य उदयः)

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• दत्त्वा: having offered
• दत्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया (having given/offered)

• अर्घम्: arghya offering
• अर्घम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• विधि-पूर्वकम्: in the prescribed manner
• विधि-पूर्वकम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधि + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (according to rule)

• भुञ्जीत: should eat
• भुञ्जीत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• मिष्टम्: sweet/pleasant
• मिष्टम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; अन्नम् इति विशेष्येण सह

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• व्रतस्य: of the vow
• व्रतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• परिपूर्तये: for the completion
• परिपूर्तये: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि + पूर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन

Speaker

Narada (teaching ritual procedure within the Narada Purana narrative frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Chandra (Moon)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that a vow (vrata) is completed not merely by austerity, but by concluding it correctly—honouring the deity/time-marker (moonrise) with arghya and then taking sanctified food in accordance with vidhi.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed as disciplined reverence: offering arghya with proper intent and procedure, and receiving food as prasada-like completion of the observance rather than as indulgence.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implicit through “vidhi-pūrvakam,” and Jyotiṣa (time-keeping/astral markers) is indicated by timing the rite at candrodaya (moonrise).