Shloka 14

Adhyaya 77 — Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

Sanskrit

छायासंज्ञोवाच आकेशग्रहणाद् देवि ! आशापाच्च वचस्तव ।

करिष्ये कथयिष्यामि वृत्तन्तु शापकर्षणात् ॥

Transliteration

chāyasaṃjñovāca ākeśagrahaṇād devi! āśāpāc ca vacas tava / kariṣye kathayiṣyāmi vṛttāntaṃ śāpakarṣaṇāt

Translation

چھایا-سنج्ञا نے کہا— “اے دیوی، چونکہ تم نے مجھے بالوں سے پکڑ رکھا ہے اور تمہارے کلمات سے امید پیدا ہوئی ہے، اس لیے میں یہ کروں گی؛ لعنت کے زور سے پیدا ہونے والا پورا حال میں تمہیں بیان کروں گی۔”

Word by Word

• छायासंज्ञः: Chāyāsaṃjña (named Chāyāsaṃjña)
• छायासंज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: छायासंज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; छाया + संज्ञ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• आकेशग्रहणात्: from (the act of) seizing by the hair
• आकेशग्रहणात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकेशग्रहण (प्रातिपदिक; आ + केश + ग्रहण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

• देवि: O goddess
• देवि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• आशापात्: from (your) hope/expectation
• आशापात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आशापात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वचः: word(s)
• वचः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• करिष्ये: I shall do
• करिष्ये: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद

• कथयिष्यामि: I shall tell
• कथयिष्यामि: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय् (धातु; णिच् causative of कथ्)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• वृत्तम्: the account/event
• वृत्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषण-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• शापकर्षणात्: from the drawing/pulling (i.e., effect) of the curse
• शापकर्षणात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान; cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शापकर्षण (प्रातिपदिक; शाप + कर्षण)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• Internal narration within Devi Mahatmyam: Chāyā-Saṃjñā speaking (as quoted in the story); overarching narrator is Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Chāyā (Saṃjñā/Shadow)

Shakti Aspects

• Devi addressed as ‘Devī’ (general Goddess; no specific epithet in this verse)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Karmic consequence (śāpa)
• Narrative disclosure under compulsion
• Devī as moral authority

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Speech becomes truthful and transformative when driven by accountability: the ‘force of a curse’ symbolizes moral causality (karma) that compels revelation and correction.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily not pancalakṣaṇa material; it is kathā (didactic narrative) embedded in the Purāṇic discourse rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Seized by the hair’ can signify the Devī’s śakti forcibly drawing the jīva out of concealment (chāyā = shadow/covering) into confession and clarity.