Shloka 10

Adhyaya 62 — The Fire-God Enters the Brahmin Youth; Varuthini’s Love-Sickness and Kali’s Disguise

Sanskrit

चकार रममाणे च चक्रवाकयुगे स्पृहाम् ।

मुक्ता तेन वरारोहा निनिन्द निजयौवनम् ॥

Transliteration

cakāra ramamāṇe ca cakravākayuge spṛhām |

muktā tena varārohā nininda nijayauvanam ||

Translation

چکروَاک پرندوں کے جوڑے کو ساتھ کھیلتے دیکھ کر وہ خوش اندام عورت آرزو سے بے قرار ہو گئی؛ اس کیفیت سے ضبط ٹوٹا تو اس نے اپنے ہی شباب کو ملامت کی۔

Word by Word

• चकार: did/made
• चकार: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• रममाणे: while (the pair) were sporting
• रममाणे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), द्विवचन (dual), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter) — ‘in/when (two) were sporting’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चक्रवाकयुगे: in the pair of cakravāka birds
• चक्रवाकयुगे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्रवाक (प्रातिपदिक) + युग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): चक्रवाकानां युगम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• स्पृहाम्: longing/desire
• स्पृहाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पृहा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• मुक्ता: released/freed
• मुक्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — instrumental ‘by him/thereby’

• वरारोहा: the fair-thighed/beautiful woman
• वरारोहा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक) + आरोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: वरः आरोहः यस्याः/या; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• निनिन्द: censured/blamed
• निनिन्द: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• निजयौवनम्: her own youth
• निजयौवनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निज (प्रातिपदिक) + यौवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: निजं यौवनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrator voice within Markandeya’s telling (frame not explicit in this verse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Kāma (desire)
• Viraha
• Poetic imagery (cakravāka motif)
• Self-reproach

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Unchecked longing (kāma) destabilizes inner composure: even auspicious signs of paired harmony (the cakravāka couple) can intensify personal lack, leading to self-blame rather than clarity.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

This passage is not sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita in itself; it belongs to vaṃśānucarita-style narrative material (illustrative story) used by Purāṇas to convey human psychology and moral texture.

What is the esoteric significance?

The paired birds symbolize the ‘dvandva’ (pairing) principle; when the inner self feels divided from its sought object, external ‘union’ imagery becomes a catalyst for inner burning (kāma-agni).