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Shloka 4

Adhyaya 53Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

त्रिंशत्कोट्यस्तु संख्याताः सहस्राणि च विंशतिः ।

सप्तषष्टिस्तथान्यानि नियुतानि च संख्यया ॥

triṃśatkoṭyas tu saṃkhyātāḥ sahasrāṇi ca viṃśatiḥ | saptaṣaṣṭis tathānyāni niyutāni ca saṃkhyayā

اس کا پیمانہ تیس کروڑ، بیس ہزار، اور اس پر سڑسٹھ مزید؛ اور تعداد میں نیوت (دس دس ہزار) بھی اضافی طور پر شامل ہوتے ہیں۔

triṃśat-koṭyaḥthirty crores
triṃśat-koṭyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottriṃśat (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + koṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative Plural; 'thirty crores'
tuindeed/and
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) contrast/emphasis
saṃkhyātāḥcounted/numbered
saṃkhyātāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃkhyāta (कृदन्त; सम्+√khyā past participle)
FormFeminine, Nominative Plural; agrees with koṭyaḥ
sahasrāṇithousands
sahasrāṇi:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction
viṃśatiḥtwenty
viṃśatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviṃśati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative Singular; number 'twenty' (used appositionally with sahasrāṇi: 'twenty thousand')
sapta-ṣaṣṭiḥsixty-seven
sapta-ṣaṣṭiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsapta (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative Singular; number 'sixty-seven'
tathāalso
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormParticle/adverb 'also/likewise'
anyāniother
anyāni:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural; qualifies niyutāni
niyutāniten-thousands (niyutas)
niyutāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootniyuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural; 'niyuta' = ten-thousand (10,000)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction
saṃkhyayāby count/number
saṃkhyayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental Singular; 'by number/count'
Mārkaṇḍeya
CosmologySacred mathematicsChronology

FAQs

The tradition encodes cosmic time with precision-like enumeration to cultivate reverence for order (niyama) and the vastness within which human action still bears moral weight.

Manvantara: detailed temporal measure (pramāṇa) of a Manu-cycle.

Large-number language functions as a contemplative device: the mind is stretched beyond ordinary scales, loosening attachment to immediate gains and losses.