Shloka 11

Adhyaya 41 — Yogic Conduct and the Discipline Leading to Siddhi

Sanskrit

भैक्ष्यं यवागूं तक्रं वा पयो यावकमेव वा ।

फलं मूलं प्रियङ्गुं वा कणपिण्याकसक्तवः ॥

Transliteration

bhaikṣyaṃ yavāgūṃ takraṃ vā payo yāvakam eva vā | phalaṃ mūlaṃ priyaṅguṃ vā kaṇapiṇyākasaktavaḥ ||

Translation

بھیک سے حاصل شدہ اناج، جو کا مانڈ، چھاچھ، دودھ یا صرف جو؛ پھل، جڑیں یا پریانگو دانہ؛ اور غلّہ، تیل کی کھل اور آٹے سے تیار غذا—یہ سادہ اور مستحسن خوراکیں ہیں۔

Word by Word

• भैक्ष्यम्: alms-food, food obtained by begging
• भैक्ष्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भैक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• यवागूम्: gruel, thin porridge
• यवागूम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यवागू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; (feminine, accusative singular)

• तक्रम्: buttermilk
• तक्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle of alternative: “or”)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• यावकम्: barley (food), barley-grain preparation
• यावकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यावक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• एव: indeed, only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic/limiting particle: “indeed/only”)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle of alternative: “or”)

• फलम्: fruit
• फलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• मूलम्: root (edible root)
• मूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• प्रियङ्गुम्: priyaṅgu (a grain/plant; panic seed)
• प्रियङ्गुम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियङ्गु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (neuter, nominative/accusative singular)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (particle of alternative: “or”)

• कणपिण्याकसक्तवः: (or) grains, oil-cake, and flour/meal
• कणपिण्याकसक्तवः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कण + पिण्याक + सक्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; (masculine, nominative plural); समाहार-द्वन्द्वः/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (list of items)

Speakers

• Didactic narrator (within the Purāṇic dialogue) instructing on yogic discipline; specific named speakers not explicit from isolated verses

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dharma
• Sannyāsa / Bhikṣu conduct
• Āhāra-niyama (dietary discipline)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse promotes simplicity and non-indulgence: a yogin should sustain the body with light, readily available, non-luxurious foods so that attention can remain on practice rather than taste, acquisition, or social status.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra instruction rather than sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita. It belongs to the Purāṇic didactic layer (ācāra-kathana) that supports dharma and yoga.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Light food’ symbolizes reducing tamas and rajas; minimal, sattvic sustenance supports prāṇa steadiness and mental clarity, prerequisites for dhyāna and samādhi.