Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure
ततोऽन्ये पूर्वजाः सर्वे ये चान्ये नरकौकसः ।
ये च तिर्यक्त्वमापन्ना ये च भूतादिसंस्थिताः ॥
tato 'nye pūrvajāḥ sarve ye cānye narakaukasaḥ | ye ca tiryaktvam āpannā ye ca bhūtādisaṃsthitāḥ ||
اس کے بعد باقی تمام اسلاف—جو دوزخوں میں رہتے ہیں، جو حیوانی یَونی (جانور کے جسم) میں گرے ہیں، اور جو بھوت وغیرہ کی حالتوں میں ٹھہرے ہیں—وہ بھی (اس میں) شامل ہیں۔
{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }
Śrāddha is portrayed as compassionate outreach: even relatives in painful or degraded states are not abandoned; ritual merit is directed toward relief and upliftment across births.
Not pañcalakṣaṇa; it is ethical-ritual teaching embedded in the Purāṇa.
The verse maps consciousness across realms—hellish, animal, and ghostly—suggesting that offerings operate as a trans-dimensional ‘address’ that can reach beings regardless of embodiment.