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Shloka 46

Adhyaya 29Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality

वैश्वदेवं हि नामैतत् कुर्यात् सायं तथा दिने । मांसमन्नं तथा शाकं गृहे यच्चोपसाधितम् । न च तत् स्वयमश्नीयाद् विधिवद्यन्न निर्वपेत् ॥

vaiśvadevaṃ hi nāmaitat kuryāt sāyaṃ tathā dine | māṃsam annaṃ tathā śākaṃ gṛhe yac copasādhitam | na ca tat svayam aśnīyād vidhivad yanna nirvapet ||

اسی کو یقیناً ‘وَیشودیو’ کہا جاتا ہے؛ اسے شام کو بھی اور دن میں بھی ادا کرنا چاہیے۔ گھر میں جو کچھ تیار ہو—گوشت، پکا ہوا کھانا یا سبزی—اسے قاعدے کے مطابق پہلے حصے الگ کرکے/نذر کرکے پھر ہی خود کھانا چاہیے۔

vaiśvadevamthe Vaiśvadeva offering
vaiśvadevam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśvadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), causal/emphatic
nāmacalled/namely
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), ‘called/namely’
etatthis
etat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); here appositional to vaiśvadevam
kuryātshould do/perform
kuryāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sāyamin the evening
sāyam:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsāyam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)
tathāalso/likewise
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)
dinein the daytime
dine:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
māṃsammeat
māṃsam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmāṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
annamfood/rice
annam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tathāand likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)
śākamvegetables/greens
śākam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśāka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
gṛhein the house
gṛhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
yatwhatever (that)
yat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) or Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun referring to food prepared
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
upasādhitamprepared/cooked
upasādhitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√sādh (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध निपात)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
tatthat (food)
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
svayamoneself
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (स्वार्थक अव्यय)
aśnīyātshould eat
aśnīyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aś (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
vidhivataccording to the prescribed rule
vidhivat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvidhi-vat (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय), ‘according to rule’
annamfood
annam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nirvapetshould set out/offer (portions)
nirvapet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnis-√vap (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
Madālasa to her son

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Viśve Devāḥ (collective, implied by Vaiśvadeva)
DharmaPañca-yajñaVaiśvadevaRitual proprietySharing before eating

FAQs

Consumption is to be sanctified by prior sharing and offering. The householder’s meal becomes dharmic when it acknowledges devas and dependent beings first.

Ācāra/Dharma instruction closely aligned with pañca-yajña praxis; not a pancalakṣaṇa narrative element.

‘Not eating first’ disciplines the ego’s immediacy. The offering (nirvapaṇa) converts private appetite into a cosmic exchange, making food a sacrament rather than mere gratification.