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Shloka 13

Adhyaya 29 — Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality

Sanskrit

यश्चेमां मानवो धेनुं स्वैर्वत्सैरमरादिभिः ।

पाययत्युचिते काले स स्वर्गायोपपद्यते ॥

Transliteration

yaś cemāṃ mānavo dhenuṃ svair vatsair amarādibhiḥ | pāyayaty ucite kāle sa svargāyopapadyate ||

Translation

اور جو شخص مناسب وقت پر، طریقۂ شریعت کے مطابق، اس گائے کو اس کے اپنے بچھڑوں سے—امروں (دیوتاؤں) سے آغاز کرکے—دودھ پلواتا ہے، وہ سُوَرگ (بہشت) کو پہنچتا ہے۔

Word by Word
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; relative)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
imāmthis
imām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
mānavaḥa man
mānavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmānava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
dhenumthe cow
dhenum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdhenu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
svaiḥwith his own
svaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
vatsaiḥcalves
vatsaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootvatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
amara-ādibhiḥwith (calves) such as the immortals, etc.
amara-ādibhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument; with vatsaiḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); ‘आदि’ = ‘and the rest’; तत्पुरुष: ‘अमराः आदयः येषां ते’ (elliptic group sense)
pāyayaticauses to drink, feeds
pāyayati:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpāyaya (णिजन्त, causative of √pā)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); णिजन्त (causative) of √पा (to drink) = ‘to cause to drink’
uciteproper, appropriate
ucite:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of kāle)
TypeAdjective
Rootucita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular); भूतकृदन्त (past participle) from √uc (to be fitting) used adjectivally
kāleat the time
kāle:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time-location)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; correlative)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
svargāyato heaven
svargāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Goal; dative of purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)
upapadyateattains, is born into
upapadyate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootupa + √pad (धाातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद (Atmanepada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
Speakers
Instructional dialogue (elder to disciple/‘son’)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities
Devas (Amaras)
Key Themes
DharmaMerit (puṇya)Timeliness in ritualHeaven (svarga) as karmic fruit

FAQs

Ritual is framed as ethical stewardship: giving each being its due at the right time creates harmony and yields auspicious karmic results.

Dharma and karmaphala teaching; instructive material typical of Purāṇas’ social-ritual guidance.

‘Proper time’ implies alignment with ṛta (cosmic order): when action synchronizes with order, the practitioner’s path rises (symbolized by ‘svarga’).

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