Shloka 24

Adhyaya 26 — Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

Sanskrit

जड उवाच एवमुक्तस्तया साधु महीष्या स महीपतिः /

तथे त्याह महाबुद्धिर्दयितां तथ्यवादिनीम्

Transliteration

jaḍa uvāca evam uktas tayā sādhu mahīṣyā sa mahīpatiḥ | tathety āha mahābuddhir dayitāṃ tathyavādinīm ||

Translation

جڑ نے کہا—اس نیک ملکہ کے یوں مخاطب کرنے پر، عظیم عقل والے زمین کے بادشاہ نے اپنی سچ بولنے والی محبوبہ سے کہا—“ایوَمَستو۔”

Word by Word

• jaḍaḥ: Jaḍa (proper name)
• jaḍaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वक्तृ-निर्देश (speaker name)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• evam: thus
• evam: Prakāra (प्रकार/Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• uktaḥ: having been addressed/spoken to
• uktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भावः ('having been spoken to')

• tayā: by her
• tayā: Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument; 'by her')
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• sādhu: good!, well said
• sādhu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/सुबन्त)
• Form: प्रशंसावाचक-अव्यय (approving particle/interjection)

• mahīṣyā: by the queen
• mahīṣyā: Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument; 'by the queen')
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahīṣī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• mahīpatiḥ: king (lord of the earth)
• mahīpatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī-pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः: mahī (earth) + pati (lord)

• tathā: so, in that way
• tathā: Prakāra (प्रकार/Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (correlative adverb)

• iti: thus (quoting)
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति सूचक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• āha: said
• āha: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ah (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• mahābuddhiḥ: the great-minded one
• mahābuddhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā-buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः: mahā + buddhi ('one whose intellect is great')

• dayitām: to his beloved (wife)
• dayitām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dayitā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• tathyavādinīm: truth-speaking
• tathyavādinīm: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tathya-vādinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः: tathya (truth) + vādinī (speaker); विशेषण

Speakers

• Narrator identified as Jaḍa; reporting the king’s reply to Mādālasā

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Transmission of wisdom within household
• Royal assent to renunciant insight
• Truthfulness and counsel

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even worldly power (kingship) is shown submitting to discernment and truth. The ideal ruler listens to wise counsel and acknowledges higher insight.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Narrative frame within an instructional episode; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The king’s ‘tathā’ symbolizes inner consent—an opening for the teaching to transform identity from role-based (rāja) to Self-based (puruṣa).