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Shloka 13

Adhyaya 23Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

यदि रोदिमि वा दीनो हा प्रियेति ! वदन्मुहुः ।

तथाप्यश्लाघ्यमेतन्नो वयं हि पुरुषाः किल ॥

yadi rodimi vā dīno hā priyeti vadan muhuḥ / tathāpy aślāghyam etan no vayaṃ hi puruṣāḥ kila

اگر میں غم سے بے قرار ہو کر بار بار ‘ہائے محبوبہ!’ کہہ کر روؤں بھی، تب بھی یہ ہمارے لیے قابلِ تعریف نہیں؛ کیونکہ ہم تو مرد ہیں۔

yadiif
yadi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadi (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय
rodimiI weep
rodimi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√rud (रुद् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
dīnaḥwretched
dīnaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण
alas!
:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothā (अव्यय)
Formविस्मय/शोक-उद्गार (interjection)
priyāO beloved!
priyā:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय
vadansaying
vadan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (कृदन्त; √vad धातु)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
muhuḥagain and again
muhuḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmuhuḥ (अव्यय)
Formकाल/आवृत्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: repeatedly)
tathāthus
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (thus/so)
apieven/also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)
aślāghyamnot praiseworthy
aślāghyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-ślāghya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुष/नकार-प्रत्यय (negated adjective)
etatthis
etat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
naḥfor us / of us
naḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive) बहुवचन (enclitic)
vayamwe
vayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ ('indeed/for')
puruṣāḥmen
puruṣāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
kilaindeed/they say
kila:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkila (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; प्रसिद्ध्यर्थ/अनुश्रव ('it is said/indeed')
Implied internal monologue of Ṛtadhvaja

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaSocial normsGriefKshatriya/masculine decorum

FAQs

The verse records an honor-based ethic where public lament is treated as weakness for men. The text is not necessarily endorsing the norm; it is presenting the psychological and cultural pressure shaping the protagonist’s choices.

Vaṃśānucarita-style didactic narrative: exemplary (and conflicted) conduct of a figure is used to explore dharma in lived situations.

Grief (śoka) is shown as a force that can unseat buddhi (discernment). The ‘unpraised’ lament functions as a mirror for ego-identity (gender-role self-image) that binds the self to social judgment.