Shloka 66

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

प्रदीप्तादित्यतप्ते च दह्यमाने तदंशुभिः ।

कृष्यते यमदूतैश्चाशिवसन्नादभीषणैः ॥

Transliteration

pradīptādityatapte ca dahyamāne tadaṃśubhiḥ /

kṛṣyate yamadūtaiś cāśivasannādabhīṣaṇaiḥ

Translation

شدید سورج کی کرنوں سے جھلسی ہوئی تپتی زمین پر، نحوست بھرے اور ہولناک، ڈراؤنی چیخیں لگانے والے یم کے دوت اسے گھسیٹتے ہوئے لے جاتے ہیں۔

Word by Word

• pradīpta-āditya-tapte: in (a place) heated by the blazing sun
• pradīpta-āditya-tapte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pradīpta (कृदन्त) + āditya (प्रातिपदिक) + tapta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); karmadhāraya/tatpuruṣa sense: 'in the (place) heated by the blazing sun'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• dahyamāne: while (it is) being burnt
• dahyamāne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dah (दह् धातु) + śānac (शानच्)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); 'while being burnt'

• tad-aṃśubhiḥ: by its rays
• tad-aṃśubhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); 'by those rays (of it)'

• kṛṣyate: is dragged
• kṛṣyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛṣ (कृष् धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• yamadūtaiḥ: by Yama's messengers
• yamadūtaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yama-dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); tatpuruṣa: 'messengers of Yama'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• āśiva-sannāda-bhīṣaṇaiḥ: by (those) terrifying with inauspicious roars
• āśiva-sannāda-bhīṣaṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-śiva (प्रातिपदिक) + sannāda (प्रातिपदिक) + bhīṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); tatpuruṣa: 'terrifying with inauspicious roars'

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context not explicit in the provided excerpt (likely an instructive narration within Adhyaya 10)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Yama (Dharmarāja)

Key Themes

• Karmic suffering
• Afterlife heat imagery
• Yamadūtas

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text uses intense sensory imagery to impress that cruelty and adharma culminate in coercive suffering; it is a call to self-restraint and compassionate action.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/karmaphala teaching through narrative description; ancillary to pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘burning rays’ symbolize the exposure of hidden deeds to the light of moral law; the terrifying cries represent the psyche’s confrontation with fear and guilt when protective illusions fall away.